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ARRHYTHMIA

ARRHYTHMIA. Disturbance of cardiac rythumn. Anatomy of the conducting system. Arrhythmias. Common Often benign Often intermittent causing diagnostic difficulty Sometimes can cause cardiac compromise. Cause of Arrhythmia.

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ARRHYTHMIA

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  1. ARRHYTHMIA

  2. Disturbance of cardiac rythumn

  3. Anatomy of the conducting system

  4. Arrhythmias • Common • Often benign • Often intermittent causing diagnostic difficulty • Sometimes can cause cardiac compromise

  5. Cause of Arrhythmia • Cardiac -MI,valvular heart disease,myocarditis,pericarditis, endocarditis • Non cardiac-thyrotoxicosis,drugs,electrolyte imbalance

  6. Features • Often asymptomatic ex-AF • Palpitation • Syncope • Hypotension • cardiac faliure

  7. classification • Tachyarrythmias • Bradyarrythmiass

  8. Bradyarrythmias • Sinus Bradycardia • Heart block • Sick sinus syndrome

  9. Sinus bradycardia HR< 60 bpm • Hypothyroidism • Increased intracranial pressure • Myocardial infarction • Jaundice • Athletes

  10. Heart block • 3 types • The depolarization wave originating in the atrium is not conducted to the ventricle

  11. Tachycardias • Sinus tachycardia • Atrial tachycardia-SVT/atrial flutter/atrial fibrillation • Ventricular-VT/VF

  12. Sinus tacycardias HR > 100bpm • Anxiety • Hyperthyroidism • Myocardial infarction • Heart failure

  13. SINUS TACHYCARDIA • Excessive discharge of SA node

  14. Atrial tachyardia • Cardiac rhythm originates from a site within the atrium other than the SA node • Ex-AV node • Types-SVT,Atrial flutter,atrial fibrillation

  15. Atrial fibrillation • Irregular atrial rhythm giving rise to an irregular ventricular rate • Common in elderly • Main risk is embolic stroke

  16. causes • Hypertension • Heart failure • Valvular heart disease • MI • Pneumonia • hyperthyroidism

  17. Treatment • Find the cause and eliminate if possible • Antiarrythmic drugs-rate control or rhythm control • Anticoagulation • cardioversion

  18. Ventricuar • VT • VF

  19. VF And pulseless VT are considered as forms of cardiac arrest • Medical emergency • Needs CPR

  20. Ectopics • What are atrial ectopics • What are ventricular ectopics

  21. Treatment of arrythmias • Anti arrythmic drugs • Name one drug used to treat bradyarrythmias • Name 3 drugs used to treat tachyarrythmias

  22. Non-drug therapy • Cardioversion: For tachycardia especially hemodynamic unstable patient • Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA): For those tachycardia patients (SVT, VT, AF,) • Artificial cardiac pacing: For bradycardia,

  23. Thank you….

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