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Non-Infectious Diseases

Non-Infectious Diseases. Non Communicable Diseases. Non-Communicable or Non-Infectious D isease. A disease that is not caused by a pathogen or germ. Cannot spread from person to person They can be classified by Genetic, Lifestyle, or Environment. Risk factors. Control over

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Non-Infectious Diseases

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  1. Non-Infectious Diseases Non Communicable Diseases

  2. Non-Communicable or Non-Infectious Disease • A disease that is not caused by a pathogen or germ. • Cannot spread from person to person • They can be classified by Genetic, Lifestyle, or Environment

  3. Risk factors • Control over • physical inactivity 23% of adults get enough exercise • tobacco use • alcohol use • unhealthy diet (high in fat, processed sugar, and sodium, with little intake of fruits and vegetables) • No Control over • Age • Gender • Race • Heredity

  4. Genetic Predisposition • Sickle Cell: Red blood cells are miss shaped making it difficult to carry oxygen • Down Syndrome: A third chromosome shows up on the 21st pair. • Cystic Fibrosis: The body creates too much mucus making it hard to breathe and digest food Genetic Predisposition – increased susceptibility to have the disease

  5. Environment • Allergies occur when your immune system has an abnormal reaction to an ordinary substance. • Asthma is when the bronchiole airways leading to the lungs get smaller making it harder to breathe. • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is the unexplained death of a healthy baby after being put to bed. Sandy had high levels of copper in the water 24% of all diseases are caused by environmental factors Top causes Poor living conditions Unintentional injuries Pollution UV Radiation Toxic chemicals Toxic Gasses

  6. Lifestyle • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is caused when a pregnant mother drinks alcohol. • Type 2 diabetes is when your body becomes insulin resistant • Obesity although it can be related to genetics as well Lack of exercise only 23% of Americans get the right amount of exercise Poor nutrition Alcohol Tobacco Other drug use

  7. Cancer • Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and invade and or destroy healthy tissues. • As your body divides and replaces cells sometimes the DNA is changed. This is where cancer starts. This change can be random, genetic predisposition, carcinogens, lifestyle, etc. • Most of the time the bad DNA cell dies but sometimes it multiplies copies of its self to cause a tumor or spread to other organs.

  8. Carcinogens • Carcinogens are things that can cause the change in DNA of a cell which is called cancer. • Examples of common carcinogens: • Pollution • Smoke • UV rays • Radiation • Drugs • Chemicals

  9. Cancer • Surgery • Radiation • Chemotherapy • Benign - cancer cells do not spread to other areas of the body. • They are not life threatening • Malignant - cancer cells continue to multiply and spread to other parts of the body. • Malignant cancer cells are life threatening.

  10. Cancer C.A.U.T.I.O.N • Change in bowel or bladder habits • A sore that does not heal • Unusual bleeding or discharge • Thickening or lump in any part of the body • Indigestion or difficulty swallowing • Obvious change in a wart or mole • Nagging cough or hoarseness

  11. 1. Surgery • Doctors remove cancer cells from the body. • In some cases this could include removing large parts if not all of an organ. • This works best if cancer that has not spread to any other part of the body. Liposarcoma-a rare cancer that develops in the fat cells of soft tissue. 30 lbs tumor removed from 63 year old man who lost weight because of a heart condition. He still had a big belly and went to the doctor to find out…

  12. 2. Chemotherapy • Chemicals are used to destroy cancer cells. • These chemicals not only kill cancer cells, they can also kill healthy cells as well. • This method is used to fight cancers that have spread to other parts of the body.

  13. 3. Radiation • High energy rays from a radioactive materials are used to shrink or kill cancers cells. • This method is usually used in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. • The purpose of radiation therapy is to damage or destroy cancerous cells by preventing them from growing or dividing, while minimizing adverse effects on nearby healthy organs and tissues.

  14. Disease List to classify

  15. What are ways to safeguard yourself? • Exercise • Nutrition • Healthy Weight • Avoid Drugs • Avoid Risky Behaviors

  16. Quiz • List three types of carcinogens • Pollution • Smoke • UV rays • Radiation • Drugs • Chemicals • Explain why it is important for everyone and especially important people who have inherited risk factors for heart disease to eat a healthy diet and get plenty of exercise. • A TUMOR is a mass of abnormal cells. • If your immune system overreacts to something in the environment, you probably have a(n) ALLERGY. • A(n) MALIGNANT tumor is cancerous and may be life threatening. • A(n) RISK FACTOR is a characteristic or behavior that raises your chances of getting a noninfectious disease. • TREATMENTS are procedures and medications that help slow down a noninfectious disease or helps the person live with the disease. • CURE means to get rid of the disease.

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