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ERD Examples

ERD Examples. Example 1. A company has several departments. Each department has a supervisor and at least one employee. Employees must be assigned to at least one, but possibly more departments.

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ERD Examples

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  1. ERD Examples

  2. Example 1 • A company has several departments. • Each department has a supervisor and at least one employee. • Employees must be assigned to at least one, but possibly more departments. • At least one employee is assigned to a project, but an employee may be on vacation and not assigned to any projects. • The important data fields are the names of the departments, projects, supervisors and employees, as well as the supervisor and employee number and a unique project number.

  3. Identify Entities • The entities in this system are Department, Employee, Supervisor and Project. • One is tempted to make Company an entity, but it is a false entity because it has only one instance in this problem. • True entities must have more than one instance. 

  4. Find Relationships • We construct the following Entity Relationship Matrix: 

  5. We connect the entities whenever a relationship is shown in the entity Relationship Matrix. Run by DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR Is assigned works on EMPLOEYEE PROJECT

  6. Fill in Cardinality • From the description of the problem we see that:  Each department has exactly one supervisor.  • A supervisor is in charge of one and only one department.  • Each department is assigned at least one employee.  • Each employee works for at least one department.  • Each project has at least one employee working on it.  • An employee is assigned to 0 or more projects.

  7. Run by DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR Is assigned works on EMPLOEYEE PROJECT

  8. Define Primary Keys • The primary keys are Department Name, Supervisor Number, Employee Number, Project Number.

  9. Identify Attributes • The only attributes indicated are the names of the departments, projects, supervisors and employees, as well as the supervisor and employee NUMBER and a unique project number. 

  10. SUPERVISOR Sup_number Sup_Name DEPARTMENT Dep_Name Run by Is assigned EMPLOEYEE Emp_number Emp_Name PROJECT Proj_number Proj_Name works on

  11. Example 2 • Students are subdivided into graduate and undergraduate students. Students take a course in a particular semester and receive a grade for their performance. Sometimes students take the same course again in a different semester. There are no limits on how many courses a student can take, and on how many students completed a particular course. • Each graduate student has exactly one advisor, who must be a professor, whereas each professor is allowed to be the advisor of at most 20 students. Courses have a unique course number and a course title. Students and professors have a name and a unique ssn; students additionally have a gpa; moreover, graduate students have a GRE-score, and undergraduate students have a single or multiple majors. Professors can be students and take courses, but graduate students cannot be undergraduate students.

  12. COURSE Course_# Course_Tilte Grade PERSON SSN Name takes O O SUPERVISOR STUDENT GPA Run by SEMESTER Sem_ID d advises UNDERGRADUATE {Major} GRADUATE Gre

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