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EUROPEAN EXPLORATION 1420 -1580

EUROPEAN EXPLORATION 1420 -1580. Complete Chart on Explorers . What is the largest country in the world today?. Ottoman Empire. Russian Empire. Qing Dynasty China. Empires and Encounters. Americas. Mughals. Europeans. Source. Building the Russian Empire. Kievan Rus 1100. Source.

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EUROPEAN EXPLORATION 1420 -1580

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  1. EUROPEAN EXPLORATION 1420 -1580 Complete Chart on Explorers

  2. What is the largest country in the world today? Ottoman Empire Russian Empire Qing Dynasty China Empires and Encounters Americas Mughals Europeans Source

  3. Building the Russian Empire

  4. KievanRus 1100 Source

  5. 986 Vladimir meets with representatives from several religions Catholics not happy Source

  6. Kipchack Khanate Saria

  7. Motivation for empire building 1500-1800 Source

  8. Physical Geography of the Russian Domain

  9. Geography

  10. 1400’s

  11. The First CZAR • Ivan III • Czar? • Tsar? How? / Why? And what does It all mean anyway? Refusing the Khan Zoe (Sophia) of Byzantium

  12. Ivan III -- Ivan the Great • Ivan III (1462 to 1505) • Defeated Mongols • Named himself ‘tsar’ • Caesar (emperor) in Russian • Tripled territory • Moscow: “The Third Rome”

  13. Ivan IV “The Terrible” • Consolidated power in 16th century • Ruthless, killed all who opposed • Established law • Built St. Basil’s

  14. The Romanov’s (1613-1917) Michael Nicholas II

  15. Peter the Great (1672 -1725)

  16. Catherine the Great • German princess • Married heir to throne • An ‘incompetent moron’ • Consented to his murder • Ruled 1762 to 1796 • Expanded empire • Defeated Ottomans • Swallowed Poland

  17. Ethnicities of Russian Empire(at its height) Great Russians Ukrainians Poles White Russians Jews Kirghiz Tartars Finns Germans Latvians Bashkirs Lithuanians Armenians Roumanians Estonians Mordvinians Georgians Tadzhiks Turkmens And many other smaller groups • Ethnic Russians made up less than HALF of the total population!

  18. How was Russia Ruled? • Unlimited or absolute monarchy • Nobility served the crown • Nobility also ran central government

  19. Orthodox Church • Most deeply religious • ‘Red corner’ at home • Priests paid by state • Blind obedience to God • = • Blind obedience to Tsar

  20. 29:00-36:40 Life under the Tsar Mass migration Yasak - tribute Sable Benefits of Conversion Russification Epidemics strike remote populations Catherine the Great 1729to 1796 Ivan IV (the terrible) 1530 to 1584

  21. 7. “The All-Russian Empire is unique in the world!” –official Russian document from 1785 Do you agree with this assessment? Why or why not? Support your response using specific examples and details from the chapter (i.e. compare the Russian empire to the Spanish and British empires in the Americas).

  22. Qing Dynasty China

  23. Dynastic Cycle • New Dynasty • Brings peace • (Re)builds infrastructure • Gives land to peasants • Protects people New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven Generations go by, New Dynasty becomes… • Problems • Floods earthquakes • Peasant revolt • Invaders Attack • Bandits raid countryside • Old Dynasty • Taxes too much • Stops protecting people • Lets infrastructure decay • Treats people unfairly Old Dynasty loses Mandate of Heaven

  24. 8. What were the major features of Chinese empire building in the modern era?

  25. Qing Dynasty China Military conquests 1680-1760 Xinjiang Mongolia Treaty of Nerchinsk1689 Tibet Manchuria

  26. Assimilation --- NO Life Under Qing Mass immigration --- NO Nobles Tax exemptions Buddhist Monks Monasteries Puning Temple, built to commemorate the defeat of the DzungarsSOURCE Manchu bannerman SOURCE

  27. How did central Europe, controlled by the Russians and Chinese, go into decline and become backwards and impoverished?

  28. 9. How did Mughal attitudes and policies toward Hindu’s change from the time of Akbar to that of Aurangzeb?

  29. What was India like before the Mughals? 1526 - 1707 Who are the Mughals? Mughals Turks Muslim Descendants of Chinggis Khan Fragmented Tribes, castes, sects, languages 3rd emperor Akbar Emperor Aurangzeb Source

  30. Ottoman Empire 10. The author of your text claims that: “The Ottoman encounter with Christian Europe spawned admiration and cooperation as well as fear and trembling.” Explain, using specific examples from the chapter for each pair of adjectives in italics, what the author meant.

  31. Constantinople Founded 330 Constantine Falls to Turks in 1453 Is now Istanbul Andrew Marr 3 39:20 – 47:20

  32. Ottoman Empire Sunni + Shia = conflict 1534 - 1639 Many Christians convert Shia Islam Sunni Islam Balkans

  33. Balkan life under the Ottoman Devshirme Janissaries

  34. Threat to Christendom Suleiman the Magnificent Siege of Vienna 1529 1683 Great Turkish War - a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and contemporary European powers, then joined into a Holy League, during the last decades of the 17th century

  35. 11. In what ways did the empires of this era (the early modern era) continue patterns of earlier empires? In what ways did they depart from those patterns?

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