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Beamstrahlung Radiation for Beam-Beam Instability

This research project focuses on studying beam-beam instability using the Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor (LABM) at the SuperKEKB accelerator. The LABM readout electronics are being built at the University of Tabuk, in collaboration with Wayne State University. Testing of Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors has also been conducted. The project aims to understand and mitigate beam-beam effects in accelerators.

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Beamstrahlung Radiation for Beam-Beam Instability

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  1. Beamstrahlung Radiation for Beam-Beam instability Ahmad Awad Alatawi and Suliman Ahmed Hamid Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk In collaboration with Wayne State University, USA 1. Radiation from an accelerating charge 2. Overview of the SuperKEKB accelerator, KEK center, Japan 3. Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor (LABM) to be installed at SuperKEKB 4. LABM is used to study beam-beam instability 5. Building the LABM readout electronics at the University of Tabuk (UT) 6. Building the optical box at Wayne State University (WSU), USA 7. Testing the Silicon PhotoMultiplier (SiPM) detectors at UT 8. Conclusion A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  2. Radiation from accelerating charge q Velocity constant Charge q does not radiate Accelerating charge Charge q radiates q Larmor Formula Power of radiation = (2q2/(3c3))a2 a: acceleration Bending charge at constant speed or at variable speed Charge q radiates because there is always a centripetal acceleration Centripetal acceleration A. Alatawi & S. Hamid Any charge bending will radiate: we call this radiation synchrotron radiation (Discovered in 1949)

  3. SuperKEKB accelerator(e-e+ collision), KEK center, Japan The SuperKEKB accelerator is an upgrade of the KEKB accelerator. The KEKB accelerator stopped delivering e+e- collisions in 2009 and currently SuperKEKB accelerator is being built to be ready by 2015 and will deliver 40 times More collisions. Belle experiment took data on the KEKB accelerator and the results of Belle Experiment helped Kobayashi, Maskawa and Nambu to win the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics. Belle is being upgraded to Belle II to cope with SuperKEKB High radiation. Y. Nambu T. Maskawa A. Alatawi & S. Hamid M. Kobayashi

  4. Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor (LABM) To study Beam-Beam Instability Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor (LABM) Beamstrahlung radiation is a type of synchrotron radiation.Beamstrahlung radiation comes from the bending of one beam(e-) on the magnetic field of the second beam(e+) A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  5. Beam-Beam Instability and LABM Beam-Beam instability Pattern recognition Is the first time a monitor can clearly measure beam-beam effect in accelerators (b) (a) (c) Here LABM measurement will let us know about beam instability either the beam (a) Is shifted, (b) tilted, and (c) is spread out. A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  6. The Optical Box Beamstrahlung Polarized Beams PhotoMultipliers(PMs) Grating to split radiation to several frequencies A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  7. LABM (Detector) Front-End electronics: Discriminator VME Crate Readout Computer (Linux system) U of Tabuk task: Design and Build a readout electronic System Slow Control Readout Program EPICS Client C O N T R O L E R PC VME Scaler Card SuperKEKB EPICS Server Ethernet A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  8. At work in Tabuk LAb Discriminator VME Scaler Board VME Controller LABMDAQ program A student running the DAQ program A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  9. Building the optical box at Wayne State University (WSU), USA First Prototype of the optical Box build Wayne State University and tested red light Design Of Optical Box This optical box with the readout electronics being built at Tabuk will be tested this summer either the DAPHNE accelerator, Frascati, Italy, or at the Laboratory before installing it at the SuperKEKB accelerator, Japan, in the end of 2014 or Beginning of 2015. A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  10. Future Plan: Phase II Replace PMs with Silicon PMs (SiPM) A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  11. We use Silicon PhotoMultiplier (SiPM) to detect beamstrahlung Radiation Silicon PhotoMultipliers (SiPMs) from ADVANSID company to detect beamstrahlung radiation. Threshold Dark Pulse: A pulse in 100% dark (no light) so it should come from internal electrons under the effect of input bias voltage. We need to remove such dark pulses because they simulate real external light so we need to find the Threshold value that cut them. A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  12. The program (written in C++) to acquire data from oscilloscope through Ethernet. Here we made a Dark Counts rate versus threshold scan (top plot) and its derivative (bottom plot). The derivative has a Gaussian shape and we will use it to find the operational threshold value. Threshold Cut A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  13. Conclusion • We are glad to participate on building the Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor (LABM) at Tabuk. • All equipment is ready to be shipped to KEK center in Japan to start installation of the LABM in SuperKEKB accelerator by this summer, and start commissioning the LABM by Fall 2015 with beams (machine test). • We (students) are planning to spend some time at KEK to help on installing and commissioning the LABM. • Our results of testing the Silicon PMS had been presented in conferences. A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  14. Backing Slides A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  15. Matter and Anti-Matter at Belle • 1. Prove that anti-matter decay faster than matter. • 2. To achieve it we need to produce, in accelerators (now e+e- colliders), matter (B-meson particle) and anti-matter • (anti-B meson particles) in pairs (through the Upsilon(4S) intermediate particle Y(4S0) and compare their decay time. • 3. Such matter anti-matter discrepancy is very rare phenomenon, so we need high luminosity accelerators which • is achieved at the KEK center, Japan, by building the KEKB accelerator (1999-2009). • 4. At the beginning of the universe matter and ant-matter were with equal proportion so they annihilate to create light: the • Universe was made only of light. • 5. But later (few time later) anti-matter decayed faster so matter was in excess, so that anti-matter annihilated with a part of • the matter and only matter stayed with complete absence of anti-matter. Physicists searched anti-matter all over the places • where they can send probes and did not find. Anti-matter is created artificially in accelerators for example. Dt Matter B Dt Compare their decay time to find that anti-matter decay faster Anti-B Anti-matter Y(4S) e+ Dt A. Alatawi & S. Hamid

  16. Field Emission Theory: Signal Formation in SiPM Bias Voltage(V) = 0 SiPM Data Taking SETUP SiPM Electron out of Fermi Level to create a signal helped by bias voltage. The electron cross a a triangular tunnel in the simple theory of Fowler-Nordheim + - Bias Voltage PC Oscilloscope Data from Scope ETHERNET Fowler-Nordheim Theory of a triangular Tunneling effect

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