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Method of Difference

Method of Difference. Compares situations where the event occurs in one case, but not the other S1: P, Q, R, S → Event S2: P, Q, R → Event doesn’t occur What test might result in this outcome?. Getting Rats in the Mood ♀ Rats: C, Cedar bedding, ♂ 1  Event (in the mood)

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Method of Difference

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  1. Method of Difference Compares situations where the event occurs in one case, but not the other • S1: P, Q, R, S → Event • S2: P, Q, R → Event doesn’t occur What test might result in this outcome?

  2. Getting Rats in the Mood ♀ Rats: C, Cedar bedding, ♂1 Event (in the mood) ♀ Rats: No C, Cedar bedding, ♂1 No Event (not in the mood) Method of Difference

  3. Method of Agreement Compare factors of two cases where the same event occurs to see if there is a common factor between them • S1: P, Q, R, S→ Event • S2: T, U, V, S→ Event What test might result in this outcome?

  4. Getting Rats in the Mood • ♀ Rats: Caffeine, Romantic Flick, Sexy ♂ Rats Event • ♀ Rats: Caffeine, Disco, Homely ♂ Rats Event Method of Agreement

  5. Joint Method of Agreement & Difference Used to compare cases where an event occurs in some cases, but not others • S1: P, Q, S→ Event • S2: P, T, U→ Event • S3: R, V, S→ Event Doesn’t Occur What test might result in this outcome?

  6. Getting Rats in the Mood • ♀ Rats: Caffeine, Romantic Flick, Sexy ♂ Rats Event • ♀ Rats: Caffeine, Disco, Homely ♂ Rats Event • ♀ Rats: Popcorn, Romantic Flick, Stupid ♂ Rats No Event • Joint Method of Agreement & Difference

  7. Method of Concomitant Variation Varying a factor to see whether a change happens with that variation at the same time when a factor is altered • S1:  When X is increased, then Event occurrence rate increases • S2:  When X is decreased, then Event occurrence rate decreases What test might result in this outcome?

  8. Getting Rats in the Mood Increase in the amount of caffeine given to ♀ rats increases the likelihood that they’ll find the ♂ rats appealing Decrease in the amount of caffeine given to ♀ rats decreases the likelihood that they’ll find the ♂ rats appealing Concomitant Variation

  9. Getting Women in the Mood (instead of rats)

  10. Getting Women in the Mood • ♀ Humans: C, Silk Sheets, ♂1 Event • ♀ Humans: No C, Silk Sheets, ♂1 No Event Method of Difference

  11. Getting Women in the Mood But---What difference do you have to account for with women and not rats?

  12. Getting Women in the Mood So, what method could you use to determine whether habitual caffeine users are susceptible after a bigger than usual jolt of caffeine?

  13. Getting Women in the Mood • ♀ Non-users  C, ♂1 Event • ♀ Users  C, ♂2 Event Method of Agreement

  14. Getting Women in the Mood Increase in the amount of caffeine given to ♀ increases the likelihood that they’ll find the ♂ appealing Decrease in the amount of caffeine given to ♀ decreases the likelihood that they’ll find the ♂ appealing Concomitant Variation

  15. Getting Women in the Mood What method would you use to better isolate the extent to which caffeine is a significant variable that affects the female libido?

  16. Getting Women in the Mood • ♀ 1: Caffeine, Romantic Flick, Sexy ♂ Event • ♀ 2: Caffeine, Romantic Dinner, Homely ♂  Event • ♀ 3: Vanilla Milkshakes, Drive-In Movie, Nerdy♂ No Event Joint Method of Agreement & Difference

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