Hydralazine HCL(304-20-1) used to treat high blood pressure

1. www.aasraw.com Hydralazine HCL(304-20-1) used to treat high blood pressure 1.What is Hydralazine HCL? Hydralazine is used to treat high blood pressure(hypertension). It is also used to control high blood pressure in a mother during pregnancy (pre-eclampsia or eclampsia) or in emergency situations when blood pressure is extremely high (hypertensive crisis). Hydralazine Hydrochloride(Hydralazine HCL) is the hydrochloride salt of hydralazine, a phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Hydralazine alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. In addition to its cardiovascular effects, hydralazine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, which may result in inhibition of DNA methylation in tumor cells. Name: CAS: Molecular Formula: Molecular Weight: Melt Point: Storage Temp: Color: White or off white Crystalline powder Hydralazine hydrochloride powder 304-20-1 C8H9ClN4 196.64 280-282°C Refrigerator 1 aas12@aasraw.com

2. www.aasraw.com 2.How Hydralazine HCL works? High blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart failure, or kidney failure. Lowering blood pressure can decrease the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Hydralazine works by relaxing the blood vessels and increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload. It isn't fully understood how hydralazine works. It's thought that the drug acts on the blood vessels directly and relaxes them. This results in lower blood pressure levels. Hydralazine belongs to a class of drugs called peripheral vasodilators. A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way. These drugs are often used to treat similar conditions. Hydralazine is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in your blood vessels to help them dilate (widen). This lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily through your veins and arteries. 3.Hydralazine HCL Dosage Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label. To be sure this medication is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects, your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may also need occasional blood tests. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Keep using hydralazine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has no symptoms, so you may not know when your blood pressure is high. You may need to use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life. Store hydralazine at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include headache, dizziness, fast heart rate, warmth or tingling under your skin, chest pain, or fainting. 2 aas12@aasraw.com

3. www.aasraw.com Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. 4.How to take Hydralazine HCL All possible dosages and forms may not be included here. Your dose, form, and how often you take it will depend on:      your age the condition being treated how severe your condition is other medical conditions you have how you react to the first dose Dosage for high blood pressure (hypertension) Generic   Form: oral tablet Strengths: 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)   Starting dosage: 10 mg taken by mouth 4 times per day for 2–4 days Dosage adjustments: Your doctor may slowly increase your dose up to 50 mg taken 4 times per day. Child dosage (ages 1–17 years)  Starting dosage: 0.75 mg per kg of body weight per day taken by mouth in four divided doses Dosage adjustments: Your doctor may slowly increase your dose over 3–4 weeks. Maximum dosage: 7.5 mg per kg of body weight or 200 mg per day Note: This drug hasn’t been studied in clinical trials for children younger than 18 years, but it has been used in children.    Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older) There are no specific recommendations for senior dosing. Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may need a lower dose or a different schedule. 3 aas12@aasraw.com

4. www.aasraw.com 5.Hydralazine HCL side effects Hydralazine oral tablet doesn’t cause drowsiness, but it can cause other side effects. More common side effects The more common side effects that can occur with hydralazine include:        headache loss of appetite (anorexia) nausea vomiting diarrhea fast heart rate chest pain If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. Serious side effects Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life-threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following: Heart-related symptoms, such as:     very low blood pressure (hypotension) fast heart rate dizziness or disorientation swelling in your arms and legs Nerve problems. Symptoms can include:    numbness tingling prickling or itching of your skin Depression or anxiety. Symptoms can include:     feeling down or not like yourself changes in appetite feeling worried or on edge not being interested in activities you normally enjoy Allergic reaction. Symptoms can include: 4 aas12@aasraw.com

5. www.aasraw.com       skin rash itching skin redness to your skin fever chills pain in your joints Trouble breathing Severe constipation Trouble urinating 6.What is the most important informations I should know about Hydralazine HCL? You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have coronary artery disease, or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve. Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, lupus, angina pectoris (chest pain), or if you have ever had a stroke. While taking hydralazine, avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as fast or pounding heartbeats, swelling, numbness or tingling, dark-colored urine, joint pain or swelling with fever, chest pain, weakness or tired feeling, and urinating less than usual or not at all. To be sure this medication is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects, your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may also need occasional blood tests. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. 5 aas12@aasraw.com

6. www.aasraw.com Keep using hydralazine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has no symptoms, so you may not know when your blood pressure is high. You may need to use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life. Hydralazine is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in your blood vessels to help them dilate (widen). This lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily through your veins and arteries. Hydralazine is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). Hydralazine may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have coronary artery disease, or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve. Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, lupus, angina pectoris (chest pain), or if you have ever had a stroke. While taking hydralazine, avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as fast or pounding heartbeats, swelling, numbness or tingling, dark-colored urine, joint pain or swelling with fever, chest pain, weakness or tired feeling, and urinating less than usual or not at all. To be sure this medication is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects, your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may also need occasional blood tests. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Keep using hydralazine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has no symptoms, so you may not know when your blood pressure is high. You may need to use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have:   coronary artery disease; or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve. Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:    kidney disease, lupus; angina pectoris (chest pain); or 6 aas12@aasraw.com

7. www.aasraw.com  if you have ever had stroke. If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take this medication. FDA pregnancy category C. This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. Hydralazine can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. 7.Hydralazine HCL may interact with other medications Hydralazine oral tablet can interact with other medications, herbs, or vitamins you might be taking. That’s why your doctor should manage all of your medications carefully. If you’re curious about how this drug might interact with something else you’re taking, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. Note: You can reduce your chances of drug interactions by having all of your prescriptions filled at the same pharmacy. That way, a pharmacist can check for possible drug interactions. Examples of medications that can interact with hydralazine are listed below. Depression medications Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can increase the effects of hydralazine. This raises your risk of side effects, such as very low blood pressure (hypotension). These drugs include:     isocarboxazid phenelzine sulfate tranylcypromine sulfate selegiline Diazoxide injection This drug can cause a severe drop in blood pressure when used with hydralazine. 8.Hydralazine HCL warnings 7 aas12@aasraw.com

8. www.aasraw.com Allergies Hydralazine can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:    trouble breathing swelling of your throat or tongue hives Don’t take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it before. Taking it again could be fatal (cause death). Alcohol interaction The use of drinks that contain alcohol can increase the blood pressure-lowering side effects from hydralazine. If you drink alcohol, talk to your doctor. Warnings for certain groups For people with heart problems: Use this drug with caution if you have heart problems. Hydralazine may cause a heart attack, especially if you already have heart issues. Be sure to tell your doctor about your heart condition before taking hydralazine. For pregnant women: Hydralazine is a category C pregnancy drug. That means two things: 1. Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the drug. 2. There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect the fetus. Tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Hydralazine should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. For women who are breastfeeding: Small amounts of hydralazine may pass into breast milk. However, this drug doesn’t typically cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. If you breastfeed your baby, talk to your doctor about the safety of this drug. For seniors: Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may need a lower dose or a different schedule. For children: This drug hasn’t been studied in children younger than 18 years, but it has been used in children. 8 aas12@aasraw.com