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Major World Religions Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism

Major World Religions Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism . Dominate World Religion by Location. Judaism. Hinduism. 1 st monotheistic (one god) faith Abraham is the earthly founder Sacred text is the Torah Old Testament 5 books of Moses. Oldest organized polytheistic faith

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Major World Religions Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism

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  1. Major World Religions Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism

  2. Dominate World Religion by Location

  3. Judaism Hinduism • 1st monotheistic (one god) faith • Abraham is the earthly founder • Sacred text is the Torah • Old Testament • 5 books of Moses • Oldest organized polytheistic faith • No 1 founder, Aryan people as a whole • Sacred text are the Vedas • Hymns, prayers, and moral stories • Believes that the messiah is still to come • Believes Jesus was a great prophet, but not of a miracle birth • Beginning: dawn of time • 10 Commandments: core laws of behavior • Born into the faith system • Believes in reincarnation & karma • Trinity • Brahma: Creator • Vishnu: Preserver • Shiva: Destroyer

  4. Buddhism Buddhism • Nontheistic: no god • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama in Nepal around 2,500 years ago • Sacred text Tripitaka “Three Baskets” • Believe in reincarnation, goal is to achieve “enlightenment” to get to Nirvana (heaven) • 8-Fold Path is their laws/rules • Peaceful • Theravada: Very traditional • Mahayana: Modern, less strict

  5. Christianity Christianity • Monotheistic • Founded by Jesus of Nazareth in 33 A.D. • Believe Jesus was the son of God sent as the savior to the people • Jesus was raised as Jewish • Christianity is considered to be the next stage of the Jewish faith • Open to anyone, no class requirements, or financial requirements • Part of the reason it spread so rapidly • Sacred text: Bible (Old Testament, and New Testament) • Symbol: Cross to represent the death of Christ • 10 Commandments core laws as are the teachings of the New Testament

  6. Islam Islam • Monotheistic • Founded by Muhammad 632 A.D • Muhammad is believed to be a great prophet who God revealed that he has 4 functions: creation, sustenance, guidance, and judgment • Sacred text: Quran • Core laws: 5 Pillars of Islam • Can trace origins back to Abraham, controversy is the role of Ishmael and Isaac

  7. Islam Islam • Two branches of Islam • Sunni: Caliph (leaders) devout followers of Muhammad • Shia: Caliph (leaders) must be a direct descendent of Muhammad • Shiite: enact “jihad” to an extreme

  8. Timeline of Major Events in Judaism • 1812 BC: Abraham’s teaching begins • 1428 BC: Israelites enslaved in Egypt • 1392 BC: Moses born (raised by Egyptian princess) • 1312 BC: Exodus from Egypt • 877 BC: King David establishes kingdom of Israel • 836 BC: King Solomon takes over • 796 BC: Israel splits into 2 kingdoms • King Rehoboam leads Kingdom of Judea • 10 Northern tribes establish Kingdom of Israel • 555 BC: Assyrians conquer Israel • 547 BC: Sennacherib (Babylonian) attacks Jerusalem • 442 BC: Babylonians take over, Jews kicked out of Israel • 370 BC: Jewish return • 347 – 245 BC: Greek overrun and persecute Jewish • 139 BC: Revolt of Maccabee • 1st religious war

  9. Timeline of Major Events in Judaism • 37 BC: King Herod takes over Israel • Mentally unstable, has children and wife killed • But good with the political end of things, has strong ties to Rome with Octavian so as Rome prospers, Israel does as well • 638 AD: Islam conquers Jerusalem • 1096: Crusades begin • Primarily between Muslims and Christians, but Jewish are a secondary target for both groups

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