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Graduated Sanctions. Presented by Orange County Department of Social Services October 13, 2010. Orange County, New York. County Supervised Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice System. Population: 390,000
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Graduated Sanctions Presented byOrange County Department of Social Services October 13, 2010
Orange County, New York County Supervised Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice System. Population: 390,000 Suburban / Rural County, with three small urban areas with a population of 25,000 in each city. Median Income: $69,913 Poverty Rate: 10.2% 19 School Districts Orange County
Juvenile Delinquency • In NYS the DSS is the agency which serve the largest majority of JD Placements. • NYS OCFS Placements are under 800 Statewide, with the majority of the placements coming from the City of New York.
Persons in Need of Supervision (PINS) Reform Legislation Summary 2002 NYS PINS Legislative Change - increased the age limit for a PINS designation from 16 to 18 years of age. The new legislation creates major concern throughout the child welfare system regarding placement rates for children between 16 – 18. The concern for placement rates begins to elevate the need for reform, which is taken on County by County across the State.
PINS Data by Agency • Truancy related cases and / or high risk cases are managed through Probation. • Community and / or low to medium risk cases are managed through KEYS.
Persons in Need of Supervision PINS Referrals by Source (2009): Parents: 395 Educational: 271 Law Enforcement: 71 Community: 8 Probation Diversion: 207 Family Keys: 538
Orange County PINS 2009 PINS Referral Probation Assessment 745 207 538 KEYS Intervention Probation Intervention 120 305 Includes JD Referrals 625 303 DSS Funded Preventive Service 608 Successful Disposition 102 Prevention 504 Court Intervention
Orange County PINS 2009 Court Intervention 102 Disposition Other, no finding, etc… 20 22 12 48 Foster Care When placement is ordered, the DSS assumes custody of the child for “appropriate placement”. Placements include: foster care, therapeutic foster care, group home and residential care. Supervision Order Family Court has the authority to order the DSS to supervise the household for a period of 12 months. Probation Supervision Probation Supervision is generally ordered for a period of 12 months and includes specific requirements.
Continuum of CareGraduated Sanctions Preventive Services Custody Services
JD / PINS Service Continuum of CarePhilosophical Funding Requirements No Eject, No Reject Community Attachment Youth Voice Performance Based 24 / 7 Crisis Intervention Unconditional Care Family Focused Needs Driven Planning Strength Based Employment Evidence Based Cognitive Behavioral Community Service Individualized Planning
Request for Proposals • RFP helps to keep the focus as time tends to shift perspective. • Keeps competition in the market place, removes the influence of a single agency and helps to keep the continuum accountable to measuring performance. • Allows for the specific allocation of resources into our five key areas: Low, Medium, High Risk, Custody Options and After Care. Preventive Services Custody Services
Performance Based Contracting Performance-Based Contracting (PBC) - is a technique for structuring all aspects of an acquisition around the purpose and outcome desired as opposed to the process by which the work is to be performed. Performance Based Contracting is acquisition for results! Not acquisition for services!
Cost SavingsMaking the argument for Community Investment The cost difference between residential placement and community based service is clear, in NYS the average costs of residential care exceed $110,000 annually, while the most expensive community based program costs $24,000 per year. Achieving a reduction in out of home placements would appear to drive costs downward, allowing for investment in community based programming. This is not always the case!
Cost SavingsIt seems so simple! Projecting cost savings is important, but projections do not free up space in a budget, unless achieved! We assume too often that a preventive program, well thought out and delivered will result in less expense on out of home care. Other factors apply: MASR (Maximum State Aide Rate) = residential per diem. Changes in the community population and one time events. The assumption that every child in the preventive program would end up in residential care. That discharges from care will occur on a consistent basis. Reimbursement is lower for community based, preventive services.
Cost SavingsIt get easier with practice Real Cost savings are needed, which requires a two pronged approach: Prevention of out of home placement, investment in a stronger continuum of care. Alternatives to residential placement, focused on shorter lengths of stay, after resources and specialized intensive services for children who lack a discharge resource. Investing in reductions in the length of stay and alternatives to residential care is the key. Money Follows the Child: a new investment in individualizing budgeting for children as an alternative to placement begins in 2005 – 2006.
Orange County Post PINS Reform Efforts - Data Preventive and Alternative Focus Preventive Focus
Assessment Drives Intervention Assessment
Orange County PINS 2009 PINS Referral Probation Assessment 745 207 538 KEYS Intervention Probation Intervention 120 305 Includes JD Referrals 625 303 DSS Funded Preventive Service 608 Successful Disposition 102 Prevention 504 Court Intervention
Assessment Drives Intervention KEYS Intervention Probation Intervention 305 Includes JD Referrals 303 DSS Funded Preventive Service Medium Risk: Intensive Case Management Family Support Program Youth Empowerment Srvs. Family Functional Therapy (FFT) Low Risk: Community Accountability Board PINS Parenting Center for Hope Employment Project School Based CM Mandated Preventive High Risk: Residential Alternatives Community Connections Community Alternatives Transitional Support Services
DSS Service Delivery Process Universal Referral Made to the DSS The referral has a specific program Identification on the form, i.e. FFT, Employment. Changes may be made based on specific factors. DSS reviews the referral, YASI and and sends the Case to contract agency, who is required to conduct a strength based needs driven assessment. Strength Based Needs Driven Assessment Non for profit provides preventive service on a fee for service basis. Service Delivery Based on child performance in key areas, or based on placement rate. Disposition
Universal Referral Form The Universal Referral Form allows any community based or government agency to make a referral into the JD / PINS Service System. Referrals are prioritized based on level of need. Probation Officers have the ability to initiate emergency referrals based on risk of placement. All contracts have a 24 hour provision for first contact, with 72 hour initial assessment due to the DSS. All contracts must have a no-eject, no reject philosophy.
Continuum of Care Programs After Care and IL Services: Post placement Short Term RTC: reduced length of stayplacement Transitional Support Services: alternative to placement Community Alternatives: reduced length of stay project Community Connections (SWK): mentoring, ICM project Residential Alternatives: wrap around model Functional Family Therapy (FFT): family focused Youth Empowerment Program: paraprofessional, mentoring project Family Support Program: ICM case management, with family focus ICM: focused on children with mental health issues School Based: co-located in schools throughout the County Center for Hope: evening reporting, focused on gang diversion Adolescent Employment Project: supported work PINS Parenting: required for all PINS referrals CAB: Community Accountability Board
Community Accountability Board The Community Accountability Board (CAB) is a community based alternative sentencing program for non-violent first-time offenders. As a Family Court Diversion, offenders report to a group of local community leaders and they negotiate an appropriate sentence for the offense. Very often is required to participate in community service and make some sort of academic achievement as part of his sentence.
Community Accountability Board Meaningful dialogue with offenders, victims, and members of the community; Lead the discussion about the activities that brought an offender to the Board and repairing damage to victims and reweaving the fabric of our community; Develop a Reparative Accountability Agreement with Offenders; Provide recommendations and information to all parties engaged in the process; and Report to the Coordinator.
Respite Services Respite services are required under the 2008 PINS Reform Law. Respite options include: Shelter Based – respite shelter also serves as the runaway, homeless youth shelter for the County. Preventive Respite – provided through a team of foster homes who have been trained to provide temporary respite services. Community Based – offers para-professionals for a period of 30 days that provide social and recreational activities outside of the home during specific hours of the day.
PINS Parenting Workshops Operates as a psycho-educational group offering parents of adolescents, specific skill building. Parent support groups are facilitated by the workshop coordinator following completion of the parenting workshop. Required for parent filed PINS petitions. Operated in three locations throughout the County with day care services provided in the early evening.
Employment Projects Employment Projects provide program funds to support the employment of an at-risk child in local businesses located throughout the County. Supported Work Agreement: all employers sign a supported work agreement, which serves as an employment contract, providing reimbursement for wages and payroll taxes. Employment sites must agree to assign a mentor the at-risk youth who provides on the job mentoring and community mentoring.
Employment Projects Orange County has a stand alone Employment Project, which allows fifty at-risk youth to be employed for a period of six months. • Employers and mentors are recruited through the Chamber of Commerce. • Annual award banquet is held to honor those children who have remained employed for a period of six months throughout the course of the year.
Center for Hope / Evening Reporting Focused on providing step down / after care services for at-risk children in the City of Newburgh. Also serves as an Evening Reporting Center. During and following completion of enrollment in any one of the PINS / JD prevention services, children are enrolled in programming offered through the Center for Hope. Programming focuses on: cultural activities, social activities, athletics, life skills, parenting supports, after-school and early evening activities.
Center for Hope / Evening Reporting The Center for Hope focuses on Gang Intervention and Prevention. Life Coaches from the Center for Hope are engaged to provide outreach services across Newburgh as a means of encouraging at-risk off the streets, into the program. Life Coaches are often former gang members or at-risk children from the neighborhood. The Center for Hope develops and strengthens protective factors against gang involvement and other problem behaviors.
Transportation Even though most programs are community based (home visiting) access to transportation resources is an essential component of the continuum. Fixed Routing Systems, provides transportation throughout the County through a fixed route bus system. All agencies funded for preventive services are permitted to access the transportation loops. Agencies are required to register with our transportation division and book trips on a six month reoccurring basis.
Transportation Sharing resources across program areas: transportation services also include Welfare to Work, Day Care Subsidy, Medicaid, Foster Care and Preventive services. The shared resources draw down Federal and State Dollars, which strengthen the transportation network. Orange County has 61,000 Medicaid recipients, 2,100 TANF recipients and 800 day care cases, when shared we managed 7,800 trips per month.
Fixed Routing System Sample Transportation Schedule
Transition and After Care Transitional Support Services Community Alternatives Community Connections Residential Alternatives Family Functional Therapy ICM Youth Empowerment Program Adolescent Employment Project Family Support Program School Based CAB Center for Hope
School Based Located in eight school districts and two community based locations, School Based Programs are designed to serve children with truancy issues. Case Management based model of services delivery, focused on short term intervention and clinical services offered through the district. Co-Location is the key factor, allowing for a partnerships to be developed with district across the County.
Intensive Case Management Mental Health Model of intensive case management services, highlighted by caseload ratios of 1:7. PINS and JD behavior can be symptoms of mental health disorders among adolescents. If the assessment indicates high needs in life domain of mental health, ICM is generally assigned to provide community based clinical services. Essential in this process is the linkages that are built to the mental health system to support the child’s long term treatment needs.
Family Support Program Short term, solution focused model that focuses on parent / child relationship and communication. Based on the “Homebuilders Model”. Intensive in home program, focused on a 30 to 90 day period of time. Intervention is hands-on in design, deployed during non traditional hours, includes a strong parenting skills component through in-home modeling.
Youth Empowerment Program Mentor model of service delivery, with professional case management support. Mentors are para-professionals who are hired to match the unique needs of the child. Mentor hours average 5 – 10 hours per week and include a modified employment program. Mentors are from the community / neighborhood of the child and family. Parent Advocates are often used as well, allowing parents with experience to provide one on one parenting assistance.
Functional Family Therapy FFT is a family intervention for at-risk youth ages 10 to 18 whose problems range from acting out to conduct disorders to alcohol and/or substance abuse. Clinical model of service delivery, focused on children with multiple needs ranging from behavioral, mental health and substance abuse. Provided through the Orange County Department of Mental Health, required license for clinical practice.
Residential Alternative High end, strength based, wrap around model of planning, followed by intensive case management, one on one mentors. “one foot in the door” children, designed for high risk children with strong probability of placement as determined by assessment. Intensive service delivery model, generally includes a minimum of 15 – 20 hours of para-professional mentor contact on a weekly basis, with back end clinical support through case management team.
Community Connections Merges community based model with day treatment program. Community model deploys case managers, skill builders into the community to work hands-on in a family’s home. Concurrent services are offered through a day treatment program focusing on educational, psycho-social and social programming at an office based location. Supports cultural, educational recreational activities.
Community Alternatives Provides an alternative to placement through a highly clinical intervention, “one foot in the door” target population. Intensive case management model, with ancillary services, i.e. employment, transportation, tutoring, home maker (in-home parenting skill training). Money follows the child design, allowing for individualized budgeting based on the needs of the child and family. Budget is developed during assessment and submitted for DSS approval.
