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Making Inferences. Types of Inferences. Text-to-Text Inferences These inferences allow us to connect one part of a text to another. Comprehension is dependent, in large part, on text information that preceded it.
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Types of Inferences Text-to-Text Inferences • These inferences allow us to connect one part of a text to another. • Comprehension is dependent, in large part, on text information that preceded it. • Good readers remember what was read earlier in a text and then connect it to what they are currently reading. • For example, readers need to remember characters, their traits, and their relationships; the order of events; causes and effects; foreshadowing; and key vocabulary terms within a text or texts when they read. • Authors usually expect the reader to make these text-to-text inferences within the specific text being read OR assume the reader has read other certain texts.
Types of Inferences Text-to-Self / Text-to-World Inferences • When we make inferences, we connect the text information to our own experience and knowledge of the world. • Many authors expect readers to make text-to-self and/or text-to-world inferences—they want us to apply what we read and learn to past or present situations, problems, and contexts in the world.
Inference Generating Questions • Who is doing the action? Why? • How does a part fit into the overall text? • What are the effects of an event, both physical and psychological? • What feelings does a person experience? • What is the author’s purpose? • What if I had been in that situation? • How does this apply to my life or the world around me? • What does this word mean?
Caught White-Handed (What do you predict from the title?) For twenty-five years, our hero had managed to avoid being caught. He would saunter into the room, casually open the box, and take out the elixir. In an instant, the deed was done. If he heard the queen coming, he would duck behind the door and act as if he were searching for a hidden item. He was proud of his good ears and quick reflexes. Even so, he wondered if his luck would run out. She was kind, yet very strict with those who broke the rules of conduct in the castle. Predictions so far?
Caught White-Handed • Then on a fateful night in May, he walked past the queen into the kitchen. She was asleep on her throne, snoring louder than a dragon with a chest cold. “Easy,” he thought, “Just another evening.” Then, just as he lifted the bottle high and put his mouth to the opening, he realized that the snoring had ceased for more than 10 seconds . . . but it was too late. She came around the corner and gasped. She was flabbergasted.
Caught White-Handed • “How long have you been drinking milk out of the bottle like that?” his mother exclaimed with shock, bracing herself against the kitchen door and fighting a smile. He muttered, “Quite a long time,” to avoid telling her, “More than two decades,” or, “Since before color TV.”
