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Introduction to the Internet

Introduction to the Internet. Chapter One. Evolution of the Internet. 1968; U.S. Dept. of Defense; 1980’s ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network 1990’s went public. World Wide Web. HTML – Hypertext Markup Language Standard language of the Internet

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Introduction to the Internet

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  1. Introduction to the Internet Chapter One

  2. Evolution of the Internet • 1968; U.S. Dept. of Defense; • 1980’s ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network • 1990’s went public

  3. World Wide Web • HTML – Hypertext Markup Language Standard language of the Internet • Not a network itself but a set of software programs • Electronic library • Each website like a book • Each website has pages; web pages

  4. Transfer Protocols • HTTP – protocol used to transfer web pages to web servers • FTP – used to transfer files between comp., allows file transfer without corruption. • SMTP – method of sending e-mail • POP – Receives e-mail from an incoming mail server

  5. Domain Names (DNS) • Translates IP addresses into easily recognizable names • Example : www.ciwcertified.com 63.72.51.85 Also called the Dotted Quad because they are divided into 4 sections.

  6. DNS • Read the name from right to left • Example : www.ciwcertified.com 63.72.51.85 DOMAIN CATEGORY Top-level domain REG.COMP. NAME SERVER (HOST) NAME

  7. DNS – Top Level Domains • Com – commercial or company sites • Edu – educational institutions • Gov – U.S. civilian government • Mil – U.S. military • Org – clubs, organizations, associations • Net – network sites

  8. Us Mx Ca Au - Australia Fr Ch Uk Country Codes & Others

  9. Virtual Domain Names • Provides your company with a private Web address, regardless of where the Web site is hosted. • Example: yourcompany.com • Can be located even if you type www.

  10. Uniform Resource Locator(URL) • Specifies not only the location but also the protocol • http://www.google.com • https://www.paypal.com

  11. ICANN - icann.org • Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers • To reach another person on the Internet you have to type an address into your computer -- a name or a number. That address must be unique so computers know where to find each other. • ICANN coordinates these unique identifiers across the world. Without that coordination, we wouldn't have one global Internet.

  12. THE BROWSER • Short for Web browser, a software application used to locate and display Web pages. • Internet Explorer • Firefox • Safari

  13. SEARCH ENGINE • A Web site with access to a database of Web sites that a user can search by entering key words. • Google, Dogpile, AskJeeves, Yahoo

  14. DOWNLOADING • The process of transferring files from one computer to another, usually from a Web server to a browser’s computer. • Time of download depends on: • The size of the Web page (including text, graphics, etc.) • The speed of the user’s Internet connection • The speed of the Web server and its connection • The amount of Internet traffic competing for use of the Internet

  15. As a Web page designer, you have no control over the user’s connection. You usually cannot change the server’s speed or how much Internet traffic there is. This leaves the size of your page as the only thing you can really control to affect speed.

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