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Characteristics of Communication

Characteristics of Communication. Week 3 Gregoria Arum Yudarwati. Discussion 1 Identify the characteristics of communication!. The symbolic nature of communication The intentional nature of communication Communication planned behaviour The transactional nature of communication

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Characteristics of Communication

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  1. Characteristics of Communication Week 3 Gregoria Arum Yudarwati

  2. Discussion 1 Identify the characteristics of communication!

  3. The symbolic nature of communication The intentional nature of communication Communication planned behaviour The transactional nature of communication The contextual nature of communication Characteristics of Communication

  4. Human symbolic activities – activities of using symbols A sign is something which stands for another thing. For example : (1) symptom (a cough is a symptom that someone maybe sick) (2) symbols (deliberately created to represent something) (3) ritual (it is a bit of symptom but also a bit of symbols) 1. The symbolic nature of communication

  5. The meaning is stimulated but is it stimulated intentionally? Intentionally seems necessary to identify behaviour as communication behaviour. It is to differentiate communication from perception. Perception is an important part of communication, but not all perceptions involve communcation Communication is a social rather that an individual process 2. The Intentional nature of communication

  6. Viewing communication as planned behaviour , in essence, makes it clear that intentions are necessary element of communication process A plan is a set of behaviours which the person believes will accomplish a purpose Two types communication plan : verbal plans and nonverbal plans Messages are symbolic behaviours which are shaped and energised by communication plan 3. Communication as planned behaviour

  7. Communication involves people sending each other messages which reflect the motivation of the participants Communication is a process of mutual influence in which participants’ motivations interact A give and take in communication 4. The Transactional nature of communication

  8. Communication is contextual • A communication context is a type of situation in which communication occurs • Communication contexts include: • interpesonal (communication between two people) • Small group (communication involving several people) • Organisational (communication within and between organisation) • Public (a speaker addressing a large audience) • Mass (communication which is mediated by mass media) • Intercultural (communication between people of different cultures) 5. The contextual nature of communication

  9. SENDER Self concept Family Culture Skills Feelings Attitudes Values RECEIVER Self concept Family Culture Skills Feelings Attitudes Values CHANNEL MESSAGE INTERFERENCE FEEDBACK CONTEXT COMMUNICATION PROCESS

  10. Elements of communication • Sender • Message • Receiver • Feedback • Channel • Context or setting • Interference or noise

  11. SENDER • Individuals who react to situation, interpreting ideas, and filtering experiences through their own perception • The sender encodes an idea or feeling in words or signs that the receiver will recognize and transmits this message to the receiver

  12. MESSAGE • The idea or feeling transmitted from the sender to the receiver to achieve understanding. • It makes connection between sender and receiver.

  13. RECEIVER • The receiver decodes or interprets the message to achieve understanding. • There is a perception process. PERCEPTION = the way people understand or give meaning to their environment. – experience, attitudes, beliefs, expectations, etc

  14. FEEDBACK • It is a the receiver’s response to the sender’s message, can be intentional or intentional. • It gives the communication continuity • It indicates understanding or misunderstanding of the message • It stimulates further communication and discussion

  15. CHANNEL • A communication channel is the means or technique used to signal or convey a message. • It is the vehicle for the message. • It can be internal and external channel • Information technology provides a fast channel. • IT is used to store, send, receive and present information

  16. CONTEXT • It consists of the situation, circumstances or setting within which communication takes place • It plays an important part in encoding & decoding process.

  17. INTERFERENCE OR NOISE • The message is received is not the same as the message sent because of the noise or interference interrupts intended message. • It leads to misunderstanding and cause communication barriers.

  18. COMMUNICATION BARRIERS Communication barriers are caused by : • Inappropriate choice of words • Inappropriate channel • Inappropriate message • Receiver inattention • Lack of courtesy by the sender/receiver • Nonverbal that doesn’t support the words • Different culture background • Poor layout and presentation • Inappropriate timing • Inadequate feedback

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