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SREE NARAYANA TRAINIG COLLGE

SREE NARAYANA TRAINIG COLLGE. SREEKANDESHWARAM. POOCHAKKAL. B Ed 2013-14. KERALA UNIVERSITY. SUBMITTED BY NAME : PARVATHY PRAKASH OPTIONAL SUBJECT : PHYSICAL SCIENCE REGISTER NUMBER : 13383015. SUBMITTED TO. LINY MOL MISS LECTURER

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SREE NARAYANA TRAINIG COLLGE

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  1. SREE NARAYANA TRAINIG COLLGE SREEKANDESHWARAM POOCHAKKAL B Ed 2013-14 KERALA UNIVERSITY

  2. SUBMITTED BY NAME : PARVATHY PRAKASH OPTIONAL SUBJECT : PHYSICAL SCIENCE REGISTER NUMBER : 13383015

  3. SUBMITTED TO LINY MOL MISS LECTURER PHYSICAL SCIENCE SNTC SREEKANDESHWARAM

  4. POWER POINT PRESENTATION ON ACIDS AND ALKALIS

  5. ACIDS • Acids are sour in taste • They change the blue litmus red • It neutralize by reacting with alkali • Major component is Hydrogen • Sulphuric acid, Hydrochloric acid, Nitric acid are • examples for acids.

  6. Acids Reacts With Metals To Form Hydrogen Gas Procedure • Take a few piece of Zinc granules and add • dil.sulphuric acid. • Pass the gas being formed to a beaker • containing soap solution. • (Bubbles are formed in the solution) • Bring a burning candle near one of the bubble Findings The gas present in the bubble burns with a pop sound. Only Hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound. That is, Hydrogen gas is present in the bubble (acids).

  7. ALKALIES • Alkalis have bitter taste • Changes red litmus blue. • Neutralize by reaction with acids. • Hydroxyl ion is present as a common factor. Lime (calcium hydroxide), Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), Caustic potash (potassium hydroxide), Milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide) etc are Some examples for alkalis. The common factor in alkali is hydroxyl ion (OH-)

  8. INDICATORS • An indicator can be used to understand whether a substance has acidic/ basic/ • neutral property. • Phenolphthalein, methyl orange etc are indicators used in laboratory. • Juice of some fruits, flowers, beetroot etc are also used as indicators

  9. THEORIES OF ACIDS AND BASES Arheniou’s theory : Acids Furnish H+ ions in its aqueous solution Furnish OH- ions in its aqueous solution Bases Lowry Bronsted theory : Acids Donates PROTONS Bases Accepts PROTONS Lewis theory : Acids Accepts a lone pair of electrons Bases Donates a lone pair of electrons

  10. NEUTRALISATION Neutralization is the process in which Acids and Alkalis react with each other to give a neutral solution. A neutral solution turns Acidic on adding a small quantity of acid A neutral solution turns Alkaline on adding a small quantity of alkali. We get salt and water when acidic solution is mixed with an alkaline solution

  11. ANTACIDS • Antacids are medicines having hydroxyl group • They are preventive to gas trouble and intestinal trouble due to decay of • food items. • Antacids are alkaline in nature. They are good remedy to such discomforts. • Gelucil, Zantac, Setlers, Gastrogen, Rennie are common antacids • These contains the bases magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide. These • bases reacts with HCl in the body to neutralize and decrease acidity.

  12. TYPES OF ACIDS AND BASES Strong acids : Ionizes completely in water and gives H+ ions only eg:HCl, Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid Weak acids : Ionizes partly or incompletely in water eg:acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid Strong bases: dissociates completely and gives large amount of hydroxyl ions eg;NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)2 Weak bases: Dissociates partly and give small amount of hydroxyl ions. eg:ammonium hydroxide

  13. pH VALUE

  14. THANKYOU

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