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Absolutism –France 16.2

Absolutism –France 16.2. Religious Wars. 1560-1590s Huguenots v. Catholics Culmination – St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. St. Bart’s Day massacre 1589 becomes King and converts. “Paris is well worth a mass” -Becomes Henry IV Edict of Nantes(1598). Henry of Navarre.

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Absolutism –France 16.2

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  1. Absolutism –France16.2

  2. Religious Wars • 1560-1590s • Huguenots v. Catholics • Culmination – St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

  3. St. Bart’s Day massacre 1589 becomes King and converts. “Paris is well worth a mass” -Becomes Henry IV Edict of Nantes(1598) Henry of Navarre

  4. “A chicken in every pot”p.511 • Growing absolutism • Increase of government in lives of citizens • Reduced influence of nobles

  5. Louis XIII • Henry IV assassinated (1610) • 9 Year old Louis XIII takes throne • Nobles begin to take power back

  6. Louis XIII is weak so installs Cardinal Richelieu as minister 1624. Looked to gain absolute rule, how? Persecute Huguenots Nobles castles/spies War w/ Hapsburgs Installed Cardinal Mazarin as successor Richelieu p. 511

  7. Rise of the Sun King • Louis XIV and the Fronde -violentprotest of royal power by merchants, nobles and peasants • Mazarin died 1661 • Great Grandson of Philip II – follower of Divine Right • Followed Heliocentric view of himself (what does that mean?) • “L’etat, c’estmoi” • Ignored Estates General (had not met since 1614)

  8. Louis XIV (1643) • Mazarin disliked by nobles=Louis’ distrust as child. Rebellion a failure, led people to believe that a King is better than violence. • At 23 is King. Immediately goes about gaining absolute power. How? • Intendants (expanded bureaucracy) • Excluding nobles

  9. Absolutism • Crises of 16th Century led to want for stability/ safety  Absolutism. • Ruler has total power, divine right usually, all decisions rested with them. Different than America how? • Who in Europe would have disagreed/disliked this movement towards absolutism? Why? Ex?

  10. Louis XIV led the charge. “I order you not to sign anything, not even a passport without my command; to render account to me personally each day and to favor no one.”

  11. His control of nobility was complete Arts/entertainment Court lifestyle “I am the state” The Sun King

  12. France’s Financesp. 512 • Jean-Baptiste Colbert (mercantilism) • Encouraged basic industries • High Tariffs on imports • Growing colonialism – regulated trade • France became wealthiest in Europe

  13. Versailles • 2,000 Rooms • Over 500 yards long • Over $2.5 billion to build, 36,000 laborers • Showed absolute power • Nobles moved there • Silenced nobility and took control of policy, taxes, and Church. • “Every time I appoint someone to a vacant position, I make a hundred unhappy and one ungrateful.” -Louis

  14. Legacy of Louis • Expanded French borders by war. • Voltaire on Louis XIV[It is certain that he passionately wanted glory, rather than the conquests themselves. In the acquisition of Alsace and half of Flanders, and of all of Franche-Comté, what he really liked was the name he made for himself]. • Died with France in major debt

  15. Louis’ Shortcomings • France had most powerful army in Europe. • War of Spanish Succession led to Treaty of Utrecht gave power to England and Hapsburgs. • Incredible debt at death.

  16. Drill • 1). What is an absolute ruler and what enabled them to come about?

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