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Funding Sources for Agricultural Extension Services in EU Member States: A Workshop on Agricultural Extension Services i

This workshop explores the funding sources for agricultural advisory services in EU member states, with a focus on Italy. It discusses the role of public and private sources, national and regional responsibilities, and the impact of European funding on the Farm Advisory System.

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Funding Sources for Agricultural Extension Services in EU Member States: A Workshop on Agricultural Extension Services i

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  1. TAIEX Worskshop on Agricultural Extension Services in EU Sources of funding the activities of agriculturaladvisoryservices in EU MemberStates - Italy 25-26 February 2016 Kiev-Ukraine Sonia Marongiu CREA – Council for AgriculturalResearch and AgriculturalEconomics Analysis Rome Unit: Policy and Bioeconomy

  2. General Framework In Italy, Extension and Advisory Services are a part of the Agricultural Knowledge Information System (AKIS) AKIS issupportedmainly by public sources. The role of private sourcesislessrelevant and difficult to assessbecausethere are notofficialstatistics. HigherEducation: National responsibility Financed by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) Research & Development: National and Regionalresponsibility Financed by MIUR and the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and ForestryPolicies (MIPAAF). Some researchactivities are funded, managed and carried out also by othernationalMinistriesthatsupportstudieson topicsrelated to their core mission (i.e. foodsafety, human health, etc.): Ministry of Health, Ministry for Economic Development, Ministry of Environment and Land Protection.

  3. General Framework • THE NATIONAL RESEARCH BODIES ARE GROUPED IN THREE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES: • University: funded and supervised by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) • National ResearchCouncil (CNR): funded and supervised by MIUR. CNR carry out research on allfields of knowledge, includedagriculture. Ithasalso a role of research manager. The planning, coordination and control activitiesmanaged by the AgrifoodDepartment of CNR are performed in 20 Institutes, spread over the territory, involvingalmostonethousandresearchers. • Public ResearchInsitute: funded by MIPAAF (CREA, ISMEA the mostimportantone) • The 19 Regions and 2 AutonomousProvinces (Bolzano and Trento) fund agriculturalresearcheitherdirectly or indirectly. Some Regionshavetheirownresearchstructures (i.e. Piemonte, Emilia Romagna, Abruzzo, Sicilia and Sardegna); otherhavetheirownresearchprogramsimplementedthroughnationalstructures (Universities or other public institution) situated in theirterritory. • Some examples of localresearch centers are: CRPA – Research Center for Animal Production, CRPV – Research Center for Vegetable Production (Emilia Romagna), ResearchInstitute of San Michele all’Adige (Trento), LaimburgResearch Center for Agriculture and forestry(Bolzano). • In 2008 the agriculturalresearch public fundinghasbeenequal to • 103 millions of € from MIUR • 279 millions of € from MIPAAF • (excluding the ordinaryfinancingcovering the fixedcost of the Italianresearchsystem).

  4. General Framework In Italy, Extension and Advisory Services are a part of the Agricultural Knowledge Information System (AKIS) Extension and Advisory Service: the service has a public and a private component. The public oneismanaged by the Regionssince1977. The consequenceisthatthere are 21 differentorganizations. All the Regionshavetheirownlegislation and allocate funds to differentorganization, indipendently from eachother. Funds: National, RegionalbutEU funds (especially for Advisors). In more recentyears the extension and advisory policy hasbecome more connected with the objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), in particular with regard to cross-compliance, ruralanimation, diversification, environmental impact, farm competitiveness.

  5. How FAS isfunded in Italy? • In Italy, the Farm Advisory System depends from differentfundingsources: • Europeanfunding (mainlyEAFRD, EuropeanAgricultural Fund for Rural Development) • Regional or provincialfunding(decentralization): asconcern the global contribution(regional and european) to the public funding EARFD of RD plans, the contributionisequal to a minimum of 44% of public expenditure for the RD plans in the «competitiveness» regions and a minimum of 57% in the «convergence» regions. Thenthere are otherfundings for regionalbodies or entities. • Private fundings: otherorganizations or farmers • The first importantRegulation (Reg.(EEC) 270/79) wasissuedwhithin the Mediterranean package: itsustained the development of agriculturaladvisoryservices in Italythanks to 66 MillionECUs over 12 years. • The funds wasused to: • general organization of CIDA • training of advisors in CIFDA • salariesfor advisors (expert in specializedagriculture and diversification). • During 90s: Farm Advisory System hasbeensupported by the Multiregional Operating Programmes (Reg. (EEC) 2052/88) • During the period 2000-2006: the EuropeanCommissioncut down the funds generallyassigned to the developmentservices. ManyRegionsdidnotreplacethem with theirown funds, assuringonly the activities of the public structures and the basicservices. As a consequence, services’ supplywasdrasticallyreduced. In thisperiod the Regionsinvested 350 millions € globally in extensionsystems (half of the totalinvested in the previous 5 years).

  6. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 The institution of the Farm Advisory System (Reg. EC 1782/2003) and the implementation in the RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 (EARFD) gave new impetus to the use of advisoryservices (Measure 114) and to theirsetting up (Measure 115). Directly: Measure 114 (the mostimportanttoolused in Italy to finance FAS), M115 and M111 (vocational training) Indirectly: M124 (cooperation), M331 (training in ruralareas) Organization of advisory service Advanced package of advice: SMRs+GAECs+innovation, ICT, suppportfor the trade of products, participation in qualitysystems and certification, landscapeconservation, energysaving, energy production from renowable source, etc. Basic package of advice: Statutory Management Requirements (SMRs) and GoodAgricultural and EvironmentalConditions (GAECs) • Selection of beneficiaries: identification of priorities to access to the FAS • Young or femalefarmers • Organicfarmers or farms in marginal or Nature 2000 areas • Farms in NitrogenVulnerableZones • Environmentalissues or animalpathologies • Integration of M114 in a package dedicated to single farmeror in integrated partnership projects

  7. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 • FAS in Italyreflects the complexity of the regionalorganisation of agricultureadvisoryservices. • The regions are responsible for setting up the FAS and consequentlythere are 21 regional FAS (19 Regions and 2 AutonomousProvinces). ManyRegionshaveusedMeasure 111 to complement M114 and M115 in order to reachdifferentaims and beneficiaries • 17+1 Regions (Valle d’Aosta started in 2010) fundedtheir FAS through M114 • regional FAS are fundedthrough the use EAFRD measures (includingMeasure 114, 115 and 111) • 3 regional FAS use differentresources (regional/provincial or national funds): Trento, Bolzano, Friuli Venezia Giulia do not use RDPs funds for variousreasons (theyhaveregionaladvisoryservices and focus the RDP funds on a fewmeasures to avoidbureaucracy or giveadvice for free). Measure 114 and 115  Farm Advisory Service (use and setting up) ManyRegionsusedMeasure 111 (vocational training) to complemento othermeasures to reachdifferentbeneficiaries. FAS advisorswereentities and notindividualpeople: the accreditation procedure wasdefined by the Regionont eh basis of competency and reliability.

  8. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013

  9. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 The plannedexpenditure for the Measureshavebeenremodulatedduring the time because of the difficultiesexperencied by the Administration in the implementation: M114 (-73%) and M115 (-79%). M111 haschanged for a smalleramount (-27%) The financialexecutionhasincreased in the last 2 year (2014 and 2015). At the end of programmingperiod (2013) the financialexecution of M114 waslessthen 50% whileat the end the percentagereached more than 90%. Financial execution= declaredexpenditure/plannedexpenditure

  10. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 • M114: Use of Advisory Services • The programmingexpenditurehasbeenremodulated and the funds spent in 2007-2013 period are lowerthanwhatwasinitiallyplanned, especially in some Regions: • Molise and Basilicata reset the funds • Umbria (8.5%) • Valle d’Aosta, Marche, Campania, Calabria, Sardegna between 38 and 60% • OtherRegionshavereached more than 90% of financialexecution

  11. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 M111-Vocational Training and information actions. The financialexecutionis more than 85% in Piemonte, Lombardia, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, Abruzzo, Umbria, Puglia. In Liguria, Lazio, Molise, Basilicata, Calabria and Sicilia isincludedbetween 60 and 85%. Lower in the otherRegions and verylower in Sardegna.

  12. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 Measure 115: Set up for advisoryserviceshasbeenappliedonly in 5 Regions and the financialexecutionhasbeen, on average, equal to 73%.

  13. How FAS isfunded in Italy? RD programmingperiod 2007-2013 • The framework of Agricultural Knowledge System includestwoothermeasures • Measure 124: Cooperation for development of new products, processes and technologies in the agriculture and foodsector (advisoryhasbeensupplied in the support of cooperationinitiatives) • Measure 331: Training and information for economicactorsoperating in ruralareas (training activities).

  14. Other funds • In 2004-2007 a National law (L. 499/1999) financed an Interregional Program regarding the agriculturaldevelopmentservices with the aim to • provide training for the agriculturalextensiontechnicians on the maintopicsdealing with the ruraldevelopment policy • test new models, methodologies and instrumentsimproving the agriculturalextensionservices (information, training and advisory in ruralareas), following a multiregionalapproach for the differentactivities. • The overallcostwas 5 millions € and involveddirectlyall the Regions. • During the period 2003-2009, 11 InterregionalResearchProjectswererealizedcovering 11 topics(vegetableproteins, seeds, fruitfarming, organicanimalhusbandry, olive growing, horticulture, flowergrowing, grassland and animalhusbandy, cerealfarming, no food productions, winegrowing).

  15. Funds for FAS in the nextprogrammingperiod 2014-2020 • In the nextprogrammingperiod 2014-2020 the AgriculturalKnowledge and Information System (HigherEducation + Research + Development and Extension) will be organized in a more systematic way through the integration of differentinterventions: • Support of human capital • Measure 111: Vocational Training • Measure 112: Setting up of youngfarmers • Measure 331: Training and information in ruralareas • Farm Advisory Services • Measure 114: Use of advisoryservices • Measure 115: Setting up of Farm Advisory Services • Cooperation for innovation (EuropeanInnovation Partnership – EIP) • AKIS will be involved in all the ruraldevelopmentinterventions, in particular in thosecarried out to improve the sustainability and competitiveness of agriculture and forestry. • Whatdoesitmeans? • The transfer of knowledge and the disseminationactivitieswill be a cross-cuttingissues. Itimplyes a reorganization of the AKIS and itsintegration in the research and innovationactivities of agriculture and forestrysector. The aimis to implement a Knowledge System in ruralareasgoingbeyond the agriculturalsector.

  16. Funds for FAS in the nextprogrammingperiod 2014-2020 • RDP period 2014-2020: plannedresources in the ItalianRegions for Advisory Services • Higheramountthan in the previousperiod (+16.6%) • Almost 160,000 beneficiariesadvised • Only the Autonomous Province of Bolzano doesnotapply for Measure 2 • Almostall the ItalianRegionshavedestined more resourcesthan in the previousprogrammingperiod • Basilicata and Campania havedrasticallyreduced the funds for advisoryservices.

  17. Thanks for yourattention

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