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Initial web server configuration

Initial web server configuration. Dr Jim Briggs. Overview. Planning Testing the OS/Environment IP setup Installation Configuration Simple minimum details Testing Default website – with the manuals!. Apache web server. http://httpd.apache.org/ Most commonly used web server software

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Initial web server configuration

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  1. Initial web server configuration Dr Jim Briggs WUCM1

  2. Overview • Planning • Testing the OS/Environment • IP setup • Installation • Configuration • Simple minimum details • Testing • Default website – with the manuals! WUCM1

  3. Apache web server • http://httpd.apache.org/ • Most commonly used web server software • Open source • Free to use • Based on NCSA httpd software (early 1990s) • Current version is 2.2 • 2.0 still supported • 1.3 deprecated • 2.3/2.4 in development • The Apache HTTP Server ("httpd") is a project of The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/) WUCM1

  4. Installation • Three choices for Apache: • From source code • From distributed binaries, for Windows, Linux etc. • As part of a larger package • LAMP/WAMP/XAMPP stacks • Most Linux distros • For Windows the binary is a standard windows installer package WUCM1

  5. Configuration • Apache is configured using text files • http.conf • main Apache server configuration file • may "include" other configuration files • mime.types • relates media types to file name extensions • should never need to change WUCM1

  6. Configuration file syntax (1) • A hash symbol ( # ) is used to introduce a comment • There are two kinds of conf directive: • Variable assignment • Block directive • The syntax of a variable assignment is: <variable name><white space><value> DocumentRoot "D:/WebRoot/Roger/htdocs" WUCM1

  7. Configuration file syntax (2) • A block directive • looks a little like an HTML tag (but isn't) • serves to apply specific directives to specific parts of the Apache system <Directory / > Options none AllowOverride none Order allow, deny Deny from all </Directory> WUCM1

  8. Minimum basic configuration file # Simple conf file for the web site Roger ServerType standalone ServerRoot "C:/Apache" ServerName "H01.CommsLab.port.ac.uk" DocumentRoot "D:/WebRoot/Roger/htdocs" TransferLog "logs/access.log" WUCM1

  9. Log files • Brief example of common: 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:02 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 1494 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:02 +0000] "GET /apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 2326 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:21 +0000] "GET /manual/ HTTP/1.1" 200 9580 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:21 +0000] "GET /manual/images/apache_header.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 4084 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:21 +0000] "GET /manual/images/pixel.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 61 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:21 +0000] "GET /manual/images/index.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 1540 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:33 +0000] "GET /manual/windows.html HTTP/1.1" 200 27725 192.168.27.58 - - [10/Feb/2002:17:59:34 +0000] "GET /manual/images/sub.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 6083 WUCM1

  10. Apache as a service • Apache can be run as a "service" • Default in version 2 • Implications: • No user interface at all, not even a window! • Started automatically at server boot • Stopped automatically at shutdown • You may need to remove from "service list" to use a manual console WUCM1

  11. Apache as a console application • Start • From Start menu – assuming install ok • From a command prompt: httpd.exe • Stop • Control-C • httpd.exe –k shutdown from another window WUCM1

  12. Apache running from a console WUCM1

  13. Default web site WUCM1

  14. Apache topics to read up on • Authentication, Authorization, and Access Control • CGI: dynamic content • suEXEC support • Virtual hosts • Content negotiation • Log files WUCM1

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