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Got phones?

Got phones?. Presented by Camille Fair-Bumbray TRED 256 July 2007. What is PHONETICS?. Phonetics comes from the Greek word φωνή (phone), or the morpheme phon~ which means sound Phonetics then is the study of the sounds of human speech. Linguistic Knowledge.

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Got phones?

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  1. Got phones?

  2. Presented byCamille Fair-Bumbray TRED 256July 2007

  3. What is PHONETICS? • Phonetics comes from the Greek word φωνή (phone), or the morpheme phon~ which means sound • Phonetics then is the study of the sounds of human speech.

  4. Linguistic Knowledge

  5. So What’s the Chapter About?(Chapter Overview: The BIG 6) • Definition of Phonetics • Articulatory phonetics (speaking) v. auditory phonetics (listening) • Sound Segments • Spelling (Orthography)and Speech (pronunciation) • Articulatory Phonetics (“anatomy” and “physiology” of phonetics) • a. Initiation (airstream mechanisms) + Articulation (vocal tract) • b.Consonants: places of articulation, manners of articulation, phonetic symbols • c.Vowels & Dipthongs 6. Sign-Language

  6. But first… A few random…yet relevant thoughts *Why we chose PHONETICS *Why Phonetics is important *Phonetics? Phoneme? Phonology?

  7. Thought it was phonology Discovered it wasn’t! Realized I needed to understand the difference Specifically: How can phonetics be useful in the classroom???? Why phonetics?

  8. Phone? Phonetics? Phonics? Phoneme? Phonology? Is it just semantics? What changes the meaning? Is it the root or the stem? Phone: sound of a phoneme Phonetics: study of speech sounds; how we pronounce individual letters or the sound associated with a combination of letters Phonics: a method of teaching people to read and pronounce letters by the sounds associated with letters Phoneme: smallest unit of speech that distinguish one utterance from another; sound segments that are associated with a rule Phonology: study ofsound systems of language; how sounds are combined in a language (phonetics + phonemics)

  9. Phone or Phoneme?

  10. Why is Phonetics Important? • It gives birth to language • Without sounds we would be unable to create or understand words that make up languages • It’s the precursor to phonemic awareness (which helps us to decode words and develop reading fluency) • It’s the last text and visual that the authors remind us of in the text, so its obviously critical to Linguistic Knowledge!

  11. Back to the main road… • Definition of phonetics • Articulatory v. Auditory Phonetics • (Speaking v. Hearing/Perceiving sounds) • Segmenting

  12. How do we learn how to say words?

  13. How would you say… an ant pants

  14. How would you teach… an a-n ant a-n-t pants p-a-n-t-s

  15. What did you do and how were you able to do it? Segmenting dividing utterances into individual sounds, morphemes, words and/or phrases Awareness Language (English) Sounds associated with the letters

  16. PHONETICSSounds…Not Spelling or Syllable Spelling and/or syllables don’t necessarily indicate # of sounds (but they may help you to segment) • Knot (4 letters) = kn /o / t (3 sounds) • Gnome (5 letters) = gn/ o/ me (3 sounds) • Psycho (6 letters) = ps/ y/ ch/ o (4 sounds)

  17. TRY… What do you know? What do you need to know? • Telephone • Sesquipedalian • iamtheproudownerofthelongestlongestlongestdomainnameinthisworld.com • Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis • TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAM • Leer taal • étudiant • montanha • Heureux • glüklich • Счастливо • 幸せ • 산

  18. SO… Symbols + Sounds = Phonetics  +  = Phonetics

  19. Are we there yet…? • Definition of phonetics • Articulatory v. Auditory Phonetics • (Speaking v. Hearing/Perceiving sounds) • Segmenting • Spelling and Speech • Articulatory Phonetics: • The Anatomy & Physiology of Speech Production

  20. Spelling and Speech • Alphabetic spelling = pronunciation (how word is spelled) = (how you say it) • Orthography  sounds (spelling)  (sounds associated with individual letters) Example: Did he believe that Caesar could see the people seize the seas? e, ie, ae, ee, eo, ei, ea = sound like E as in EAT

  21. Multiple letters/1 sound to, too, two , through, threw, clue, shoe 1 letter/multiple sounds dame, dad, father, call, village, many Combo of letters/1 sound shoot, phone, glacial, theatre Single or Combo/NO sound mnemonic, corps, island What are some of the possibilities?(in English!)

  22. Multiple letters/1 sound 1 letter/multiple sounds Combo of letters/1 sound Single or combo/NO sounds Now You Try…

  23. IPA International Phonetic Alphabet How do we know the sounds?Phonetic Alphabet :Used for phonetic transcription of any language

  24. [se] [plen] [tek] Once you can wrap your head around notation, IPA helps us to represent the pronunciation of words in any language Using the IPA

  25. Let’s Exercise Our Minds! Exercise #4 Exercise #8

  26. There… Yet…? • Definition of phonetics • Articulatory v. Auditory Phonetics (Speaking v. Hearing/Perceiving sounds) • Segmenting • Spelling and Speech • Articulatory Phonetics: The Anatomy & Physiology of Speech Production (what and where the structures of the body are) & (function/what they do)

  27. How do we generate & createsounds?

  28. Initiation + Articulation Initiation:where the sound starts *In the lungs (pulmonic) *Pushed out of lungs, up trachea (wind pipe), to larynx (egressive) *A.K.A. pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism *there are also ingressive (ie. Clicks) Articulation: where & how we shape the sound to be produced in a specific way *larynx (lair rinks) = “voice box” *larynx is behind “adam’s apple” *larynx (glottis + vocal chords) *vocal tract (larynx, pharynx, oral & nasal cavity)

  29. Voiced or Voiceless Sounds Voiced • Vocal chords closed • Air stream forces thru • Causes vibration • [b], [d], [z], [v] Voiceless • Vocal chords open • Air stream flows freely • [p], [t], [k], [s]

  30. Examples voiced/voiceless http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/# Clicks /tsk/ http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/vowels/chapter13/movie.html

  31. There… Yet…? • Definition of phonetics • Articulatory v. Auditory Phonetics (Speaking v. Hearing/Perceiving sounds) • Segmenting • Spelling and Speech • Articulatory Phonetics: The Anatomy & Physiology of Speech Production (what and where the structures of the body are) & (function/what they do) almost!

  32. Places of Articulation Tongue + Lips = Articulators • Cause restriction • Reshape oral cavity

  33. Where sound is made…place

  34. It’s a bit tricky so let’s consult the experts! http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/#

  35. Well what the tongue and lips do is also has a secret code! It’s called manner and refers to how sound is made by various tongue, teeth, lip combos. There are categories for these combos: STOP! affrictive. Frictive. nasal. Liquid…etc mmm….Back to the experts http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/#

  36. Dipthongs [tay] [say] [may] [mayn] Vowels [si] [sit] [divə] Vowels and Dipthongs!

  37. Sign Language Features (Primes) *Hand configuration *Motion of hands (to/ from body) *Locus (where sign is articulated)

  38. How can we use this in the classroom? Some great literacy centers for ELL include: • Tongue Twister • Hink Pinks • Build a Word/Switch a Letter • Songs

  39. So…to help fill in the gaps… • Phone vs. phoneme • Using the IPA chart • Diacritics • Plosives and all those other explosive terms! Let’s ask Abbe 

  40. References http://www.ling.upenn.edu/courses/Summer_2004/ling001/lecture2.html http://efl.htmlplanet.com/phono.htm http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/# http://www.cal.org/acqlit/resources/Literacy-OELA-11-13-02.pdf http://members.aol.com/gulfhigh2/words11.html http://www.auburn.edu/~murraba/phon.html Blevins,W. (1997) Phonemic Awareness Activities. Jefferson City: Scholas tic Books Fitzpatrick, J. (1997) Phonemic Awareness. Cypress: Creative Teaching Press Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert and Hyams, Nina (2003). Phonetics: The Sound of Language. In An Introduction to Language (231-266). Boston: Thomson-Heinle.

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