The Margaret Hamilton Project

1. The Margaret Hamilton Project Cisco Case competition

2. Team- Duke Fuqua School of Business Apoorv Pathak: Former Technology Consultant (PwC) and Risk Data Analyst (Credit Suisse). Enthusiastic about leveraging technology to build products through a data-driven design. Shray Bansal: Former Product manager at Oracle. Passionate about working with innovative high-tech products.

3. Communication Channels NASA RESUPPLY VESSEL MARS *Appendix 1 for Communication Plan

4. Communication Requirements Exploration Recreation Farming Administrative Scientific Labs • Monitoring Farming Activities • Communicating soil, temperature, pressure and humidity data for analysis • High quality imagery to scientific unit and NASA • Geolocation Data from Mars • Sending organic and mineral Information • Consistent communication with main site • Livestreams • Broadcast • Radios • Online Gaming • Remote/Main Site control and monitor • Communication with NASA • Emergency broadcasts to colonists • Tracking human and material resources • Communicating scientific progress to NASA • Receiving new data about planet from various activities

5. Goals/Use Case • Establish communication channel with NASA • Send and Receive information • Establish communication network at MARS • Connect hubs like the main site and remote sites • Gather data from colony activities • Closely monitor scarce resources • Alert for any anomalies • Create highly available communication channels • Maintain communication even during catastrophes

6. Establish Communication • Strategic Satellite infrastructure between Earth and Mars with 24 hour communication capabilities • Design Network Capacity • Include colony size, demands and terrain to design network capacity for Mars • Connect the interconnected buildings in the main site using optical fiber cables • Local Area Network between buildings allows efficient use of scare resources • Primary communication establishment in the main controlling site • Using Wireless communication in areas where terrain doesn’t allow wires • Use NASA’s existing satellite infrastructure to communicate over radio waves during exploration

7. Establish Communication • Laying optical fiber network cables in the explored terrain for broadband communication and enable wireless communication • Establish VoIP to communicate seamlessly between different colonists on Mars • Establish dedicated two way communication channels between colony activities in order to proactively collect data • Establish private communication channels (VPN) between colony activities like scientific labs and central hub • Create a network of interconnected IOT devices and sensors to monitor colony activity and provide data analytics services .

8. Maintain Communication • Self-Repairing Networks • Real-time, robust monitoring   • Routing data packets through different routers if packets are being dropped • alerting the administration of any issues • Resilient Fault Tolerant Hardware • Stress Tested hardware according to the conditions at Mars • Backup hardware components – Routers, switches, cables • Network functions virtualization (NFV) • Decouple the network functions, such as NAT, firewalling and caching, to name a few, from proprietary hardware appliances to run in software in case hardware malfunctions for switches, routers etc • Disaster Recovery Units • Network Emergency Response Vehicle in cases of natural calamity fracturing network infrastructure

9. Maintain Communication • Annual Equipment Checks • Equipment Checks before the resupply vessel leaves Earth • Training colony workforce to remedy the situation • Scale Hardware (Pre-emptive Solutioning) • Use data from colony activity to forecast future network demands

10. Cisco • Routers, cables and Switches • Broadband, wireless, VoIP hardware and software • Data Centers to store colony data • Cisco VPN Client • Cisco IOT services • Cisco Artificial Intelligence • Network Function Virtualization software • Network Emergency Response Vehicle

11. Assumptions • Interconnectedness of the main and remote sites: • The Administrative unit is at the main site, along with the Scientific Experiments unit. • The Administrative unit is connected with all the other sites/units and NASA in a two-way communication channel. • The Scientific Experiments communications unit is connected with the Exploration and Data Gathering team and NASA in a two-way communication channel (to connect coordinate efficient exploration with the help of the Martian satellite and send any crucial updates to NASA on a regular basis) • The Exploration and Data Gathering team is connected with NASA in a one-way communication channel (to send the data and imagery gathered on a continuous basis) • The optical fibers laid out on the Martian landscape are of greater durability than the ones used in MICE 3 (Industrial standards for environmental conditions at sites where communication networks are built)

12. Appendix-1 Communication Plan

13. Appendix 2- Sources • https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/dsn-antennas/en/ • https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/industries/docs/gov/space_glenn.pdf • https://gcn.com/articles/2010/12/06/cisco-iris-internet-to-space.aspx • https://mars.nasa.gov/msl/mission/communicationwithearth/ •  https://www.sdxcentral.com/nfv/definitions/whats-network-functions-virtualization-nfv/ • https://www.mars-one.com/mission/the-technology •  https://www.irisns.com/self-healing-network-tomorrow-look-like/ • https://www.plantservices.com/assets/wp_downloads/pdf/080930_Fluke.pdf • https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/products/collateral/se/internet-of-things/brochure-c02-734481.pdf