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Analgesics

Analgesics. Those who do not feel pain seldom think it is felt. Samuel Johnson. Pain. Pain is subjective and difficult to quantify Pain scale, 1-10 McGill Pain Q. Analog scale. Patient Responses. MD & ATC must accept patients response to pain Must be observant

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Analgesics

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  1. Analgesics

  2. Those who do not feel painseldom think it is felt Samuel Johnson

  3. Pain • Pain is subjective and difficult to quantify • Pain scale, 1-10 • McGill Pain Q. • Analog scale

  4. Patient Responses • MD & ATC must accept patients response to pain • Must be observant • Does injury match pain level reported? • Know athlete & personality

  5. Pain Management • Must be individualized to patient based on: • Cause • Severity of pain • Chronicity

  6. Chronic Pain Syndrome • Must evaluate especially non-athletes • workers comp • Emotional state • Personality

  7. Non-Pharm Alternatives • TENS • Electric Stimulation • Relaxation Therapy • Nerve Block

  8. Analgesics • MILD - TX of mild to moderate pain • Dec. sensitivity of pain receptors • Minor side effects • STRONG - TX of moderate to severe pain • Inc pain tolerance

  9. Contain different compounds for short and long lasting relief Strong Anagelsics will produce pain tolerance and dependence w/n 1 week Anagelsics

  10. Admin Methods • Oral • Injection • IV - Continuous or intermittent

  11. Narcotic Morphine Codeine Propoxyphene Oxycodone Meperidine Pentazocine Non-Narcotic Aspirin Acetaminophen Ibuprofen Common Analgesics

  12. Acetaminophen • Tylenol or Datril • Antipyretic & analgesic effects • Minimal AI activity • Minimal side effects

  13. Narcotic Analgesics • Pharmacologically similar to opium or morphine • Primary analgesics but can be used for cough suppressants and control diarrhea • Provides analgesia w/o antipyretic effect • Common error - overestimation of the drug needed for analgesia

  14. Peak Analgesia • Oral Dose • 1-2 hours • Duration of Action • 3-6 hours • Tissue build-up normally does not occur • Metabolized in the liver

  15. Codeine • Given in combination w/ aspirin or acetaminophen • Tylenol 3 or Tylenol 4 • Provides enhanced pain relief • Used as cough suppressant

  16. Pain Relief 30-60 mg Cough Suppressant 15-30 mg Codeine Dosage

  17. Nausea Vomiting Dizziness Mental clouding Dysphoria Constipation Delirium Addiction Withdrawal Seizures Adverse Effects

  18. Drug seeking behavior Lacrimation Phinorrhea Yawning Sweating Restlessness Mydriasis Tremors Nausea Tachycardia MM cramps/spasms General CNS hyperexcitability Potential CV collapse Withdrawal Symptoms

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