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Chapter 9 System of Documentation 4A 9210033A Sharon 931003

Chapter 9 System of Documentation 4A 9210033A Sharon 9310031A Ken 9310053A Jamie. 4.03 APA Style. In APA journals, legal materials are given in the reference list, not in text footnotes.

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Chapter 9 System of Documentation 4A 9210033A Sharon 931003

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  1. Chapter 9System of Documentation 4A 9210033A Sharon 9310031A Ken 9310053A Jamie

  2. 4.03 APA Style • In APA journals, legal materials are given in the reference list, not in text footnotes. • The reference list must be double-spaced, and entries should have a hanging indent.

  3. Abbreviation • Here are some acceptable abbreviation which can be used in the reference list. chap. chapter ed. edition Rev. ed revised edition 2nd ed. second edition Ed. (Eds.) Editor (Editors) Trans. Translator(s) n.d. no date p. (pp.) page (pages) Vol. Volume Vols. Volumes No. Number Pt. Part Tech. Rep. Technical Report Suppl. Supplement

  4. Publishers’ location • Give the location of the publishers of books, reports, brochures, and other separate, nonperiodical publications. • If the publisher is a university and the name of the state is included in the name of the university, do not repeat the name in the publisher location.

  5. Some locations can be listed without a state abbreviation or country because they are well known for publishing. (e.g., Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York) Arabic numerals • APA journals use Arabic numerals because they use less space and are easier to comprehend than roman numerals.

  6. 4.04 Order of References in the Reference List Alphabetizing names • Alphabetize letter by letter, and note that nothing precedes something (e.g., Brown, J. R., precedes Browning , A. R.) • Alphabetize the prefixes, and disregard the apostrophe. ex: MacArthur precede McAllister

  7. Alphabetize surnames that contain articles and prepositions, and if a prefix is part of the surname, treat the prefix as part of the last name, but don’t forget to alphabetize it. ex: DeBase precedes De Vries • If the prefix is not customarily used, put it after the initials. ex: Helmhotz, H. L. F. von • Alphabetize entries with numerals as if the numerals were spelled out.

  8. Order of several works by the same first author When ordering several works by the same first author, give the author’s name by the follow rules. • References with one author (or more than two authors) are arranged by year of publication. ex: Hewiett, L. S. (1996). Hewiett, L. S. (1999). Cabading, J. R., & Wright, K. (2000). Cabading, J. R., & Wright, K. (2001).

  9. One-author entries precede multiple-author entries beginning with the same surname. ex: Alleyne, R. L. (2001). Alleyne, R. L., & Evans, A. J. (1999).

  10. Reference with the same first author and different second or third authors are arranged alphabetically by the surname of the second author or, if the second author is the same, the surname of the third author, and so on. ex: Gosling, J. R., Jerald, K., & Belfar, S. F. (2000). Gosling, J. R., & Tevlin, D. F. (1999). Hayward, D., Firsching, A., &Brown, J. (1999). Hayward, D., Firsching, A., & Smigel, J. (1999).

  11. References by the same author with the same publication date are arranged alphabetically by title (excluding A or The after the date). • Lowercase letters (e.g., a, b, c…) are placed after the year within parentheses, if the reference with the same authors published in the same year are identified as articles in a series (e.g., Part 1 and Part 2), order the references in the series order. ex: Baheti, J. R. (2001a). Control…. Baheti, J. R. (2001b). Roles of….

  12. Order of several works by different first authors with the same surname. • Alphabetize works of different authors with the same surname by the first initial. ex: Mathur, A. L., & Wallton, J. (1999). Mathur, S. E., & Ahlers, R. J. (1998).

  13. Order of works with group authors or with no authors. • Alphabetize group authors. • Full official names should be used. ex: American Psychological Association, but not APA • A parent body precedes a subdivision. ex: I-Shou University, Department of Applied English

  14. If the work is signed Anonymous, the entry begins with the word Anonymous, and we alphabetize Anonymous as a true name. • If there is no author, the title moves to the author position, and the entry is alphabetized by the first significant word of the title.

  15. 4.05 References Included in a Meta-Analysis Integrate the studies alphabetically within the references section in order to conserve journal pages, and identify each by adding asterisk in the front. Bandura, A. J. (1977). Social learning theory Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall *Bretschneider, J. G., & McCoy, N. L. (1968). Sexual interest and behavior in healthy 80- to 102-year olds. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 14, 343-350.

  16. Introduction to APA Reference Style 4.07 General Forms • Periodical: Include journals, magazines, scholarly newsletters which are on regular basis. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Title of article. Title of periodical, xx, xxx- xxx.

  17. Nonperiodical: Include books, reports, brochures, certain monographs, manuals, and audiovisual media. Author, A. A. (year). Title of work. Location: Publisher.

  18. Part of a nonperiodical (e.g., book chapter): Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). Location: Publisher.

  19. Online periodical: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Title of article. Title of periodical, xx, xxx-xxx. Retrieved month day, year, from source.

  20. Online document: Author, A. A. (2000). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from source. Electronic sources include aggregate databases, online journals, Web sites or Web pages, newsgroups, Web- or e-mail-based discussion group, and Web- or e-mail-based newsletters.

  21. 4.08 Author • Invert all authors’ name • Give surnames and initials no more than 6 authors. If the authors are more than 7, use et al. to abbreviate the subsequent authors.

  22. If the author’s first name is hyphenated, keep the hyphen (-) and include a period after each initial. • Use commas (,) to separate authors, surnames, initials, and suffixes.

  23. If the authors are more than 2, use an ampersand (&) before the last author. • Spell out the full name of a group author (e.g., Australian In Vitro Fertilization Collaborative Group; National Institute of Mental Health). • If authors are listed with the word with, include them in parentheses. ex: Bulatao, E. (with Winford, C. A.)

  24. Place the editors’ names in the author position, and use parentheses to enclose the abbreviation Ed. Or Eds. after the last editor’s name. • A work without author, move the title to the author position. • Finish the element with a period. • Do not add an extra period after the initial of the author. ex: Robbins, J. K.. Wrong

  25. Periodical: Kernis,M. H.,Cornell, D. P.,Berry,A.,& Harlow,T. (1993). There’s more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 65, 1190-1204. Nonperiodical: Robinson, D. N.(Ed.).(1992).Social discourse and moral judgment. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

  26. 4.09 Publication Date • Give the year of publication in parentheses (if the work is unpublished, give the year the work was produced). • For magazines, newsletters and newspapers, give the year followed by the exact date on the publication with parentheses. Ex: (2007) • Write in press in parentheses for articles that have been accepted for publication but that have not yet been published. Ex: (in press)

  27. For papers and posters presented at meetings, give the year of the meeting, separate by a comma and enclose in parentheses. Ex: (1993, June) • Write n.d. in parentheses if there is no date. ex: (n.d.) • Finish the element with a period after the parenthesis.

  28. 4.10 Title of Article or Chapter • Capitalize the first word and proper nouns of the title. • Do not italicize the title or place a question marks. • Enclose nonroutine information that is important for identification and retrieval in brackets ([])after the article title. • Finish the element with a period.

  29. Periodical: Deutsch, F. M., Lussier, J. B., & Servis, L. J.(1993). Husbands at home: Predictors of paternal participation in childcare and housework. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1154-1166. Nonperiodical: O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107-123). New York: Springer.

  30. 4.11 Title of Work and Publication Information: • Give the periodical title in full. • Give the volume number of journals, magazines, and newsletters. Do not use Vol. before the number. • If a journal or newsletter does not use volume numbers, include the month, season or other designation with the year. Ex: (1994, April) • Italicize the name of the periodical and the volume number. • Give inclusive page numbers. Use pp. before the number.

  31. In electronic sources, page numbers are often not relevant. • Use commas after the title and volume number. • Finish the element with a period. Journal: Buss, D. M., & Schmitt, D. P. (1993). Sexual strategies theory: An evolutionary perspective on human mating. Psychological, Review, 100, 204-232. Magazine: Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Beyond the melting pot. Time, 135, 28-31.

  32. 4.12 Title of Work: Nonperiodicals • Italicize the title, and capitalize the first word of the title and of the subtitle, and proper nouns. • Enclose additional information in parentheses after the title (e.g., edition, report number, volume number). • Do not add a period between the title and the parenthetical information. • Do not italicize the parenthetical information.

  33. If a volume is part of a large, separately titled series, treat series and volume titles as a two-part title. • Finish the element with a period. Ex: Saxe, G. B. (1991). Cultural and cognitive development: Studies in mathematical understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

  34. 4.13 Title of Work: Part of a Nonperiodical (Book Chapters) Editor: • The title element for an edited book include the name of the editor preceded by the word In, and the book title with parenthetical information. • Give initials and surname of all editors, and do not invert the editor’s name.

  35. Use commas to separate the names, and use the ampersand (&) before the surname of the last author. • Identify the editor by (Ed.) after the surname. • A book with no editor, only put the word In before the book title. • Finish this part of element with a comma.

  36. Book title with parenthetical information: • Give inclusive page number of the article or chapter in parentheses after the title. • The additional information (e.g., edition, report number, or volume number) precedes the page number within the parentheses and is followed by a comma. Ex: (4th ed., pp. 1-101) • Finish the element with a period.

  37. 4.14 Publication Information: Nonperiodicals • Give the city. If the city is not well known for publishing or could be confused with another location, the state or province or country where the publisher is located as note on the title page of the book. • Use a colon after the location. • If a publisher is a university whose name include the name of state or province, do not repeat the state or province in the publisher location again.

  38. Give the name of the publisher in as brief a form as is intelligible. • If two or more publisher location are given, give the location listed first in the book, or give the location of the publisher’s home office. • Finish the element with a period.

  39. 4.15 Retrieval Information: Electronic Sources • Provide the Internet address for the document at the end of the retrieval statement. • If the information is retrieved from an aggregated database, providing the name of the data base, but need not to provide the address.

  40. Use available from to indicate that the URL leads to information on how to obtain the cited material, rather than to the material itself. • Finish the retrieval element with a period, unless it ends with an Internet address.

  41. A. Periodicals

  42. Elements of a reference to a periodical Herman, L. M., Kuczaj, S.A., III, & Holder, M. D. (1993). Responses to anomalous gestural sequences by a language-trained dolphin: Evidence for processing of semantic relations and syntactic information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122, 184-194. Article author:Herman, L. M., Kuczaj, S.A., III, & Holder, M. D. Date of publication:(1993). Article title:Responses to anomalous gestural sequences by a language-trained dolphin: Evidence for processing of semantic relations and syntactic information.

  43. ˙Capitalize only the first word of the title and of the subtitle; if any, and any proper noun; don’t italicizethe title or place quotation marks around it.

  44. ˙Enclose nonroutine information that is important for identification and retrieval in brackets immediately after the article title. Berkowitz, A. D. (2000, November 24). How to tackle the problem of student drinking [Letter to the editor]. The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. B20. ˙Finish the element with a period Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122, 184-194.

  45. Examples of a reference to a periodical 1. Journal article, one author Mellers, B. A. (2000). Choice and the relative pleasure of consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 910-924.

  46. 2. Journal article, two authors, journal paginated by issue Klimoski, R., & Palmer, S. (1993). The ADA and the hiring process in organizations. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 45(2), 10-36.

  47. 3. Journal article, three to six authors Saywitz, K. J.,Mannarino, A. P.,Berloner, L., & Cohen, J. A. (2000). Treatment for sexually abused children and adolescents. American Psychologist, 55,1040-1049.

  48. 4. Journal article, more than six authors Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J., Coatsworht, D., Lengua, L., et al. (2000). An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of divorce. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 843-856. ˙ et al. indicate the remaining authors of the article ˙ Parenthetical citation (Wolchik et al.)

  49. 5. Journal article in press Zuckerman, M., & Kieffer, S. C. (in press). Race differences in face-ism: Does facial prominence imply dominance? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. ˙ in press paper has been submitted to a journal and accepted for publication ˙Without writing a year, volume, or page numbers before publication (Zuckerman & Kieffer, in press)

  50. 6.Magazine article Kandel, E. R., & Squire, L. R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific barriers to the study of brain and mind. Science, 290, 1113-1120. ˙volume number290

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