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授課教授：任維廉老師 報告人： 9732519 林幼芝

Chapter Eight- Innovation and Change. 授課教授：任維廉老師 報告人： 9732519 林幼芝. 2009 年 11 月 26 日. Outline. Why need changes? How to change? Strategy types of changes Implementations of changes General thoughts. Environmental Forces Driving the Need. Global Changes, Competition and Markets

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授課教授：任維廉老師 報告人： 9732519 林幼芝

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  1. Chapter Eight-Innovation and Change 授課教授：任維廉老師報告人：9732519林幼芝 2009年11月26日

  2. Outline • Why need changes? • How to change? • Strategy types of changes • Implementations of changes • General thoughts 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  3. Environmental Forces Driving the Need • Global Changes, Competition and Markets • Technological Change • International Economic Integration • Maturation of Markets in Developed Countries • Fall of Communist and Socialist Regimes • More Threats • More domestic competition • Increased Speed • International competition • More Opportunities • Bigger markets • Fewer barriers • More international markets • More Large-Scale Changes in Organizations • Structure change Mergers, joint ventures, consortia • Strategic change Horizontal organizing, teams, networks • Culture change New technologies, products • Knowledge management, enterprise New business processes • resource planning E-business • Quality programs Learning organizations 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  4. Changes • Type of changes • Incremental changes • Radical changes • Elements for successful changes Integrated ! Internal Creativity and Inventions Suppliers Professional Associations Consultants Research literature Organization 1. Ideas 3. Adoption 4.Implementation 2. Needs Customers Competition Legislation Regulation Labor force 5. Resources Perceived Problems or Opportunities 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  5. Strategic Types of Change Leadership Vision Product and Service Strategy and Structure Culture Technology International Environment The Market 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  6. Technology Change General Manager Creative Department Expand capabilities — Explore and develop new ideas (Organic structure) Using Department Exploit capabilities — Routine application of new ideas (Mechanistic structure) • Switching structures -- brainstorm new ideas • Creative departments -- organic and mechanistic • Venture teams -- new-venture fund • Corporate entrepreneurship -- idea or management champion 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  7. Organization Environment Environment New products and Services Market success rate for R&D projects: 12% → Customer’s need ! General Manager Technical Developments Customer Needs Coord R&D Department Coord Marketing Department Coord Coord Coord Production Department Horizontal Coordination Model 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  8. Strategy and Structure Change • Administrative changes -Design and structure of a organization -control and information systems, authority hierarchy and departmental grouping. Dual Core Approach Type of Innovation Desired Administrative Structure Technology Administrative Core Technical Core Direction of Change: Top-Down Bottom-Up Examples of Change: Strategy Production Downsizing techniques Structure Workflow Best Organizational Design for Change: Mechanistic Organic 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  9. Culture Change • Forces for culture change • Reengineering/Horizontal organization • Diversity • The learning organization (organization development) • OD culture changes interventions • Large group intervention • Team building • Interdepartmental activities 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  10. Strategies for implementing changes • Most important crucial and difficult. • Leadership for change Stages of Commitment to Change Institutionalization Commitment Installation Decision to Implement Acceptance Level of Support for Change Understanding Preparation Awareness Initial Contact Passage of Time 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  11. Strategies for implementing changes • Barriers to change • Excessive focus on costs • Failure to perceive benefits • Lack of coordination and cooperation • Uncertainty avoidance • Fear if loss of power or status • Techniques for implementation • Establish a sense of urgency for change • Establish a coalition to guide the change • Create a vision and Strategy for change • Develop plans to overcome resistance to change • Create change teams • Foster idea champions 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  12. Thoughts • Around the idea of integration • Different departments • Previous chapters: culture, strategy……. • When the best timing for change? • The final moment or be the first? • Relates to the organizations’ strategy? • Feedback Mechanisms • Correlations? Integrated of changes • Separate evaluation? Or joint evaluation is enough? 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  13. Q&A Thanks for your listening!! 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

  14. Incremental Change Radical Change Continuous progression Paradigm-breaking burst Affect Organizational part Transform entire organization Through normal structure and management processes Create new structure and management Technology improvements Breakthrough technology Product improvement New products, new markets 交通大學碩士班 林幼芝

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