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Radio Frequency Identification

Radio Frequency Identification Yang Gu What is RFID? RFID is a generic term It use radio waves to automatically identify objects. the most common method is to store a serial number on a microchip that is attached to an antenna . RFID System, Components Components T ransponder (tag)

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Radio Frequency Identification

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  1. Radio Frequency Identification Yang Gu

  2. What is RFID? • RFID is a generic term • It use radio waves to automatically identify objects. • the most common method is to store a serial number on a microchip that is attached to an antenna.

  3. RFID System, Components

  4. Components • Transponder (tag) • located on the object to be identified • consists of a coupling element and an electronic microchip. • Tags are available with storage capabilities from 512 bytes to 4MB. • Reader, contains • a high frequency module • a control unit and a coupling element to the transponder.

  5. Tag options • Passive tags • draw power from the magnetic field generated between itself and a reader • Active tags: • larger and more expensive • self-powered by an internal battery • Can either provide active presence or active location information.  • Active location RFID systems support a higher effective read range with greater resolution capabilities

  6. The read range for a typical RFID tag • It depends on many factors • the frequency of operation, • the size and shape of the tag, • the power of the reader, • interference from metal objects or other RF devices. • In general, • low-frequency passive tags are read from a foot or less. High frequency passive tags are read from about three feet • UHF tags are read from 10 to 20 feet. • semi-passive and active tags use batteries to boost read ranges to 300 feet or more.

  7. How much do RFID tags costs? • 30 cents - $50 depending on the type of tag and the application. • Active tags – those with a battery – can cost far more. • And if you bundle in a sophisticated sensor, the cost can rise to more than $100.

  8. Next Step: RFID and Intelligent Agent • Most readers have additional interface (RS 232, RS 485, ...) to enable it to forward the data received to the segway robot. • Information provided by RFID systems can be used as vision for automate decision-making processes

  9. Is it suitable for Segway? • RFID • UHF/microwave tags • n/a • Using active tags for moving objects and passive or semi-passive tags for markers?? • Can be as precise as within a few centimeters (RTLS) • cost?? • Segway • read range ~24 feet • Update frequency 25Hz (current vision) • Not only object identification, but also a need to precisely locate objectsin real-time. • Distance precision

  10. Compare with vision • Vision update rate = 25 frames/sec, RFID n/a (best known: update every few seconds) ?? • Position precision: best known RFID can do much better than vision does. ?? • RFID can locate both relative and global position for the tagged objects on the field without “looking” at them! • Easy setup for RFID, does not need color training or calibration. • RFID is more expensive than using multiple web-cameras but save much more effort in software implementation.

  11. Issues • Update rate and distance precision • Cost for a tracking system • Interface (hardware/software) • Orientation • the reader cannot communicate effectively with a tag that is oriented perpendicular to the reader antenna.

  12. Conclusion • If the update rate and position precision satisfy, RFID is definitely a better choice to do soccer game. RFID will let us focus more on strategy based on a precise world model. • 

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