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Scoville and Milner 1957: HM Case

Scoville and Milner 1957: HM Case. Prepared by: Riane Barrera, Daisha Lark, Asia Gandy, and Peta Kalokola. Definitions. Anterograde Amnesia : Refers to the loss of memory after an incident. The person cannot store new information into their short term memory. (Ex: 50 First Dates)

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Scoville and Milner 1957: HM Case

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  1. Scoville and Milner 1957: HM Case Prepared by: Riane Barrera, Daisha Lark, Asia Gandy, and Peta Kalokola

  2. Definitions • Anterograde Amnesia: Refers to the loss of memory after an incident. The person cannot store new information into their short term memory. (Ex: 50 First Dates) • Hippocampus: A ridge in the floor of each lateral ventricle of the brain, thought to be the center of emotion, memory, and the autonomic nervous system • Autonomic Nervous System: The part of the vertebrate nervous system that regulates involuntary action, as of the intestines, heart, and glands, and that is divided into the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system

  3. Summary of Case Study • H.M. suffered from severe epilepsy and had surgery to remove his bilateral medial temporal lobe, which they believed was were the seizures were coming from. • The results of memory loss were immediately seen after • This procedure was tested on 8 other psychotic patients • The amount of memory loss is affected by the amount of removal of the hippocampus • Technical skills and earlier memories were left intact • Remembering family • Knowing how to eat, drink and shower • Personality traits and amount of intelligence were still the same • This case is now used as a study of the results of bilateral medial temporal lobe resection and is also used as a “warning” of the surgeries’ effects.

  4. The Brain The hippocampus is one of the parts removed during the bilateral medial temporal lobe resection. It is thought to be the center of emotion and memory. The amygdala is linked to the formation of emotional memories, controlling fear responses, arousal and aggression.

  5. Who is H.M.? • Henry Gustav Molaison • Born on Feb. 26,1926; died on Dec. 4,2008 of respiratory failure at a nursing home in Windsor Locks, Conn. • Could only remember the first 27 years of his life until 1953 • Suffered with severe amnesia for the next 55 years of his life • Recognized as the most important patient in brain science history and is one of the top 10 studies in Psychology • The beginning of his epilepsy is argued to have began when he was hit by a bicycle rider when he was 9

  6. Citations • Neylen, T. 2000. Memory and the Medial Temporal Lobe: Patient H. M. NEUROPSYCHIATRY CLASSICS. Retrieved from http://web.mit.edu/bnl/pdf/Scoville_Milner_1957.pdf • Benedict, C. (2008, December 4). H. M., an Unforgettable Amnesiac, Dies at 82. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

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