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THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA

THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA. DE-STALINIZATION. Effects of “Secret Speech”. Could no longer hold political prisoners. Uproar in international communist community. Reverberations in Party. “ anti-party” group. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA. DE-STALINIZATION. 22 nd Party Congress.

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THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA

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  1. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA

  2. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA DE-STALINIZATION • Effects of “Secret Speech” • Could no longer hold political prisoners • Uproar in international communist community • Reverberations in Party • “anti-party” group

  3. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA DE-STALINIZATION • 22nd Party Congress • Khrushchev broadened attack to include colleagues • Removal of Stalin’s body from mausoleum

  4. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA CULTURAL “THAW” • Greater freedom of expression for artists & intellectuals • Some correction of historical falsification • Some opening of society • But retained censorship & control; socialist realism Ilya Ehrenburg, The Thaw

  5. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA ECONOMIC POLICIES • Agricultural Reforms • Abolished “Machine Tractor Stations” • Tried to consolidate farms into large kolkhozes • Raised prices on food products, lowered taxes

  6. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA ECONOMIC POLICIES • Agricultural Reforms • Increased investment in fertilizer & machinery • “Virgin Lands Program” • Emphasized growing of corn

  7. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA ECONOMIC POLICIES • Industrial Reforms • Biggest problem = overcentralization • Eliminated central economic ministries • replaced with SOVNARKHOZY

  8. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA FOREIGN POLICY • Adopted policy of “PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE” • But continued expansion of Soviet influence

  9. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA FOREIGN POLICY • Problems in Eastern Europe • De-Stalinization led to revolt in Poland & Hungary • Forced to build Berlin Wall to stop mass exodus to West Soviet invasion of Hungary, 1956

  10. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA FOREIGN POLICY • Problems with China • Mao wanted military aid against Taiwan • Also wanted nukes • Khrushchev refuses – led to Sino-Soviet split

  11. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA FOREIGN POLICY • Problems over Cuba • 1959: Fidel Castro stages communist take-over • 1961: U.S. tried failed coup: Bay of Pigs • Khrushchev tries to put nukes in Cuba • Kennedy blockades Soviet ships, Khrushchev forced to back down

  12. THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA DECLINE AND FALL • The Three “Cs”: Corn, China, Cuba • Denounced for “hair-brained schemes, half-baked conclusions, bragging & bluster” • Deposed Oct. 1964 • But reforms set stage for Gorbachev & perestroika 5-story “Khrushchevka”

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