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Latitude and Longitude

Learn about latitude and longitude, the imaginary lines used to locate positions on Earth. Discover how to use coordinates to precisely identify locations and understand the concept of time zones.

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Latitude and Longitude

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  1. Latitude and Longitude Section 2.1

  2. Latitude • Cartography – the science of mapmaking • Equator – imaginary line that circles Earth horizontally halfway between the poles; separates Earth into two halves • Equator = 0 degrees latitude • Latitude – lines on a map that run parallel to the equator; measured from 0 degrees to 90 degrees

  3. Latitude • 1 degree of latitude = 111 km • Circumference of Earth = 40,000 km • Minutes (‘) = 1.85 km • Seconds (“)

  4. Longitude • Longitude – used by cartographers to locate positions east and west ; also divided into degrees, minutes, and seconds; 0 degrees to 180 degrees • Prime meridian – 0 degrees longitude • Why does the prime meridian run through Greenwich, England?

  5. Longitude • Longitude lines are not parallel; they are semicircles • Degrees of longitude can vary in their distances from 0 km to 111 km • Lines of longitude meet at the poles

  6. Using Coordinates • To locate a position on Earth precisely, scientists must use longitude and latitude lines • Earth is divided into time zones • Each time zone is roughly 15 degrees wide; What time zone do we live in? • Describe the International Date Line.

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