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Male Anatomy Embryogenesis

Male Anatomy Embryogenesis. Chapters 3 & 4. Seminiferous Tubules. Components Epithelium Sertoli cells developing germ cells peritubular cells. Figure 3-12. Sertoli Cells. Produce variety of substances Androgen binding protein sulfated glycoprotein 1 & 2 transferrin inhibit

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Male Anatomy Embryogenesis

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  1. Male AnatomyEmbryogenesis Chapters 3 & 4

  2. Seminiferous Tubules • Components • Epithelium • Sertoli cells • developing germ cells • peritubular cells

  3. Figure 3-12

  4. Sertoli Cells • Produce variety of substances • Androgen binding protein • sulfated glycoprotein 1 & 2 • transferrin • inhibit • Have tight junctions • Form blood-testis barrier with peritubular cells around ST

  5. Excurrent Ducts • Efferents • Epididymal duct • ductus deferens • Extragonadal reserves of sperm

  6. Figure 3-14

  7. Cytoplasmic Droplet • Proximal • Translocating • Distal • High proportion of ejeaculated spermatozoa with a droplet indicates faulty epididymal maturation

  8. Seminal Plasma • Fluids from epididymis & accessory sex glands • Not required for fertility, but important in natural insemination

  9. Accessory Sex glands • Ampulla • Seminal vesicles (vesicular glands) • prostate gland • bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) • What’s the difference between species in Fig 3-15?

  10. Penis • Consists of: • base • shaft • glans penis • Fibroelastic penis • Stiffening without a change in diameter • Cavernosum penis • Blood collects & increases in diameter with stiffening

  11. Figure 3-16

  12. Review from last lecture • Comparative evaluation of accessory sex glands

  13. Differentation of Tissue • Endoderm • Gut • Lungs • Liver

  14. Differentation of Tissue • Mesoderm • Muscle • Skeleton • Cardiovascular • Reproductive

  15. Differentation of Tissue • Ectoderm • Nervous system • Skin • Hair • Know Table 4-1

  16. Figure 4-1

  17. Pituitary Gland • Both neural & epithelial in origin • Rathke’s pouch • Fig 4-2 (know development) • Hypophysis = pituitary • Adneohypophysis = Anterior pit. • Neurohypophysis = Posterior pit.

  18. Fig 4-3

  19. Sexual Differentiation • Starts with XY chromosomes • Primordial germ cells migrate from yolk sac to genital ridge • Primordial gonad undifferentiated • Primordial germ cells undergo mitosis & increase in number. • Primordial germ cells that don’t make it to gonad die

  20. Sexual Differentiation • Primordial renal system • Pronephros • Mesonephros (ducts called Wolffian ducts) • Metanephros (final system) - last 2/3rds of gestation

  21. Sexual Differentiation • Testis Determining Factor • Anti-Mullerian Hormone • Figure 4-5

  22. Figure 4-5

  23. Sexual Differentiation • Descent of the testis - 3 Phases • Testis starts by ribs • Growth & elongation of the body away from the testes • Rapid growth of the distal gubernaculum • Regression of gubernaculum

  24. Sexual Differentiation • Growth of gubernaculum controlled by testes factor • Low molecular weight • “descendin” • Control of gubernaculum contraction unknown • Cryptochidism • Inguinal hernia

  25. Fig 4-7

  26. Sexual Differentiation • Females have X chromosome that lacks TDF gene • No development of Sertoli cells, so no AMH • Oviducts, uterus, cervix & anterior vagina develop from paramesonephric ducts • Female tract located outside peritoneum

  27. Figure 4-5

  28. Sexual Differentiation • Freemartin • Common blood supply between fetal bull & heifer • AMH is transferred to female

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