POLS 1113 American Federal Government

1. POLS 1113American Federal Government Chapter 13: Social and Economic Policy

2. Answer: A Page Ref: 477Answer: A Page Ref: 477

3. A course of action followed by government in dealing with a specific problem or matter or collective concern for a society is called� a. social welfare policy. d. economic policy. b. public administration. e. public policy. c. policy formulation. Answer: E Page Ref: 477Answer: E Page Ref: 477

4. A list of all the issues that merit public attention is called a(n)� a. governmental agenda. d. �do gooder� list. b. systemic agenda. e. policy agenda. c. laundry list. Answer: B Page Ref: 480Answer: B Page Ref: 480

5. A short list of items on which candidates win election promising to address is called a(n)� a. �do gooder� list. d. governmental agenda. b. policy agenda. e. systemic agenda. c. laundry list. Answer: D Page Ref 481Answer: D Page Ref 481

6. How a problem is defined often frames the kinds of solutions that will be preferred. Therefore, problem definition is often a __ process. a. continuous, competitive b. rational c. reasonable d. cooperative e. all of the above. Answer: A Page Ref: 480Answer: A Page Ref: 480

7. The crafting of appropriate and acceptable proposed courses of action to ameliorate or resolve a publicly acknowledged problem is called� a. problem definition. d. agenda setting. b. policy adoption. e. policy evaluation. c. policy formulation. Answer: C Page Ref: 481Answer: C Page Ref: 481

8. Drawing on the experiences of similar problem in order to solve or ameliorate a current problem is called __ formulation. a. routine d. mundane b. creative e. dogmatic c. analogous Answer: C Page Ref: 481Answer: C Page Ref: 481

9. Many policies are repetitive, and the bureaucratic agencies performing tasks like setting farm subsidy levels or adjusting the cost of living for Social Security recipients are engaging in __ formulation. a. routine d. mundane b. creative e. dogmatic c. analogous Answer: A Page Ref: 481Answer: A Page Ref: 481

10. The attempt to develop an anti-missile defense system to shoot down incoming missiles is an example of __ formulation, in which a bureaucratic agency develops new or unprecedented proposals to solve or ameliorate a policy problem. a. routine d. mundane b. creative e. dogmatic c. analogous Answer: B Page Ref: 481Answer: B Page Ref: 481

11. Policy adoption� a. occurs directly after the problem recognition stage. b. provides guidelines for legislative consideration of policy proposals. c. implement policies once they are adopted by the legislature. d. primarily involves members of the federal bureaucracy, and not the political branches of government. e. gives policies legal force. Answer: E Page Ref: 484Answer: E Page Ref: 484

12. In order for Congress to adopt a new policy,� a. compromises almost always occur. b. a series of votes must be held in which a majority supports the new policy. c. years or even decades of discussion must occur. d. all of the above. e. none of the above. Answer: D Page Ref: 484Answer: D Page Ref: 484

13. A proposed policy can be nullified or weakened by� a. lack of program review. d. all of the above. b. refusing to fund or expend e. none of the above. funds. c. insufficient funding. Answer: D Page Ref: 484Answer: D Page Ref: 484

14. Most public policies are implemented through� a. judicial action. d. congressional b. administrative agencies. legislation. c. state and local legislation. e. presidential staff. Answer: B Page Ref: 485Answer: B Page Ref: 485

15. Providing people with information, training, or resources that will enable them to undertake desired activities is an example of a __ implementation technique. a. authoritative d. capacity b. incentive e. resource c. hortatory Answer: D Page Ref: 486Answer: D Page Ref: 486

16. Using the power of the state prohibit an activity, and using the law to punish people who persist in a prohibited behavior, is an example of a(n) __ implementation technique. a. authoritative d. capacity b. incentive e. resource c. hortatory Answer: A Page Ref: 486Answer: A Page Ref: 486

17. Offering people payoffs or financial inducements to get them to comply with public policies is called a(n) __ implementation technique. a. authoritative d. capacity b. incentive e. resource c. hortatory Answer: B Page Ref: 486Answer: B Page Ref: 486

18. Appealing to people�s better instincts to encourage compliance with policy is an example of a(n) __ implementation technique. a. authoritative c. capacity b. incentive e. resource c. hortatory Answer: C Page Ref: 486Answer: C Page Ref: 486

19. The capacity of agencies to administer public policies effectively depends upon� a. whether agencies are authorized to use appropriate implementation techniques. b. the adequacy of funding. c. the adequacy of political will and institutional support. d. the clarity and consistency of statutory mandates. e. all of the above. Answer: E Page 486Answer: E Page 486

20. Policy makers� evaluations of the effectiveness and necessity of policies and programs is often based on� a. the political popularity. b. the societal impact of programs. c. anecdotal and fragmentary evidence. d. all of the above. e. none of the above. Answer: D Page Ref: 487Answer: D Page Ref: 487

21. Social welfare policy includes such issues as� a. public education. b. disease prevention. c. medical care and child protection services. d. public assistance for the needy. e. all of the above. Answer: E Page Ref: 488Answer: E Page Ref: 488

22. Social welfare policy includes all of the following EXCEPT� a. disease prevention. d. public assistance for b. drug prescription subsidies. the needy. c. environmental protection e. public education. laws. Answer: C Page Ref: 488Answer: C Page Ref: 488

23. In 2004, the federal poverty line for a family of four was� a. $12,791 d. $31,192 b. $18,267 e. $43,097 c. $24,500 Answer: B Page Ref: 490Answer: B Page Ref: 490

24. Income security programs intended to assist those whose income falls below a designated level are called __ programs. a. means-tested d. security assistance b. non-means e. all of the above. based c. social insurance Answer: A Page Ref: 490Answer: A Page Ref: 490

25. According to a 2002 study, the Social Security Trust Fund is predicted to have more expenditures than revenues in� 2010 d. 2048 b. 2018 e. 2052 c. 2035 Answer: B Page Ref: 491Answer: B Page Ref: 491

26. Programs for which anyone who meets a set criteria are eligible to participate in are called __ programs. a. general assistance d. entitlement b. welfare e. liberal boondoggle c. charity Answer: D Page Ref: 498Answer: D Page Ref: 498

27. The doctrine of __ holds that government intrusion into the economic realm is wrong, and that the role of government should be limited to the maintenance of infrastructure and to tasks that cannot be profitably done by individuals a. socialism d. progressivism b. entrepreneurism e. noblesse oblige c. laissez-faire

28. The doctrine, first articulated by the British economist John Maynard Keynes, that government can take an active role in guiding and regulating the economy is called� a. interventionism d. institutionalism b. populism e. monetarism c. progressivism Answer: A Page Ref: 503Answer: A Page Ref: 503

29. Through the 1950�s, most regulatory programs enacted by the national government fell into the category of __ regulation. a. social d. all of the above b. economic e. none of the above c. monetary Answer: A Page Ref: 505Answer: A Page Ref: 505

30. During the 1960�s and 1970�s, regulation expanded into areas such as� a. consumer protection. b. environmental protection. c. health and safety. d. all of the above. e. none of the above. Answer: D Page Ref: 505Answer: D Page Ref: 505

31. Economic stability is defined as the condition in which there is� a. economic growth. b. high employment. c. a rising national income. d. a steadiness in the general level of prices. e. all of the above. Answer: E Page Ref: 509Answer: E Page Ref: 509

32. The deliberate use of taxing and spending policies to improve the nation�s economic prospects is called __ policy. a. monetary d. budgetary b. fiscal e. discretionary c. economic Answer: B Page Ref: 511Answer: B Page Ref: 511

33. __ is a form of government regulation in which the nation�s money supply and interest rates are controlled by a central agency. a. Banking policy d. Discretionary policy b. Fiscal policy e. Monetary policy c. Budgetary policy

34. The __ movement of 1880-1917 was drawn from the middle class, and sought to reform the political, economic, and social systems of American society. a. Populist d. Prohibitionist b. Progressive e. Abolitionist c. Term Limits Answer: B Page Ref: 503Answer: B Page Ref: 503

35. The Meat Inspection Act was passed partly in response to publication of __ The Jungle, which described the unsavory and unsanitary conditions in Chicago meatpacking plants. a. Joe Hill�s d. Jack London b. Teddy Roosevelt�s e. Upton Sinclair c. John Bunyan

36. True/False Universe

37. For the purposes of public policy analysis, a problem is any disturbing condition. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 477Answer: False Page Ref: 477

38. There is usually an agreed-upon definition of a problem in the public policy process. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 480Answer: False Page Ref: 480

39. There are seven steps in the policymaking cycle described in the text. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 479Answer: True Page Ref: 479

40. Interest groups are major actors and initiators in the agenda-setting process. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 481Answer: True Page Ref: 481

41. Most public policies are implemented by Congress a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 485Answer: False Page Ref: 485

42. Policy formulation is usually undertaken within the bureaucracy. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 481 Answer: False Page Ref: 481

43. Adoption of major policies by the government usually requires majority coalitions in government. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 484 Answer: False Page Ref: 484

44. Many programs suffer due to inadequate funding. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 485 Answer: True Page Ref: 485

45. One example of an incentive technique is the revocation of one�s driver�s license for drunk driving. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 486 Answer: False Page Ref: 486

46. One example of an incentive technique is Congress giving tax breaks for charitable giving. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 486 Answer: True Page Ref: 486

47. The revocation of one�s driver�s license for drunk driving is an example of an authoritative implementation technique. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 486 Answer: True Page Ref: 486

48. Policies are usually evaluated in a rigorous and scientific manner. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 487 Answer: False Page Ref: 487

49. Social welfare policies include issues such as income security, health care, and public education. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 488 Answer: True Page Ref: 488

50. In 1996, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) was replaced by Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF). a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 496 Answer: True Page Ref: 496

51. The United States ranks 37th in the quality of health care throughout the world. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 499 Answer: True Page Ref: 499

52. The New Deal established the national government as a major regulator of private businesses, a provider of social security, and as ultimately responsible for maintaining a stable economy. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 503 Answer: True Page Ref: 503

53. The 1960�s and 1970�s were characterized by a huge wave of economic regulation. a. True b. False Answer: False Page Ref: 505 Answer: False Page Ref: 505

54. The Federal Reserve System was created in 1913 to adjust the money supply and represents a mixture of private interests and government authority. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 510 Answer: True Page Ref: 510

55. John Maynard Keynes advocated use of fiscal policy during the Great Depression. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 511 Answer: True Page Ref: 511

56. The chairman of the Federal Reserve Board exerts enormous influence because of the �Fed�s� commanding position as maker of monetary policy. a. True b. False Answer: True Page Ref: 511Answer: True Page Ref: 511