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CRESPI D’ADDA

CRESPI D’ADDA. DIRECTIONS TO GET TO CRESPI D’ADDA. You are in front of the church of Cazzago San Martino .

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CRESPI D’ADDA

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  1. CRESPID’ADDA

  2. DIRECTIONS TO GET TO CRESPI D’ADDA

  3. You are in front of the church of Cazzago San Martino . Turn right and go down the road as far as the turning , turn right and go up via Calchera, turn left and take via Stradoncino. At the end of the road turn right and go down this street. Turn left at the roundabout and take the second turning on SP51. Then go straight on as far as the entrance of A4 Motorway in Rovato. Drive along the motorway as far as Seriate exit, then turn left.

  4. Go down this street and turn left again. Go straight on along this street and turn right; at the fifth roundabout take Corso Europa. Go straight on as far as the roundabout and take Via Dante Alighieri. Drive along this street as far as the roundabout and turn left. Go down Corso ITALIA and turn left. At the next roundabout , turn right into via PISTA CRESPI. At the end of the road you find Crespid’Adda.

  5. Realizzato da: Barbara,Laura,Manpreet e Vittorio

  6. At the village’s entrance go down Corso Manzoni and take the second street on the left. On your left there is the grocery shop(14), where you find the information office. After watching a video, you can start the visit. First you see the factory(11), then walk along Corso Manzoni as far as the residential buildings (1). In that area you find the Owner’s villa(2) too. Come back to Corso Manzoni, cross the road and you are opposite the school(9) and the church(5); on the left you can see the hotel (8), the community centre(7) and the wash house(6). In the distance you can see the physician’s house(3) and the priest’s house(4). Then you can have a walk in the village and watch the workers’ houses(10). Go straight on down Via Garibaldi, where you can see the hospital (12) and the public baths(13) on your right. At the end of the street you can see the cottages for the clerks(15), the executives’ villas(16) and the farmhouse(18). The cemetery is at the end of the village. Just behind it there is the confluence of the rivers Adda and Brembo.

  7. THE FACTORY The factory is the heart of the village. The cotton was spun, woven and dyed. 4000 workers worked in this factory. They were men, women and children. At the end of the twenties there was a serious economic crisis and, at the end of the thirties, the Crespi family had to give up their properties.

  8. The main entrance of the factory is the most memorable image of Crespi. It is similar to that of a cathedral, where the chimney looks like an obelisk and the clock at the base is a symbol of a new era. The directors' offices and the iron gate create a superb architectural composition, which became symbol of industrial architecture from the late 1800s.

  9. The rest of the factory is made up of sheds. Here there was the machinery. The sheds were distributed in order along the main street. They are decorated with eight-pointed stars, and the windows are decorated with terracotta rosettes.

  10. COMUNALE NICCOLO’FAUSTINO SWAMI SARNICO LEONARDO VENNI CHIARA

  11. THE DOCTOR’S AND THE PRIEST’S HOUSES At the village entrance there are the doctor’s and the priest’s houses. They were meant to be the guardian angels of the workers' community. For this reason, their houses are located on top of the hill and they overlook the village.

  12. They were built with the same techniques as the workers' houses, but they are larger and have more decorative details. The homes haven't changed in the years, though the doctor’s house was enlarged to create a first aid room. The decorations, which were removed from the workers' homes during the Fascist period, are preserved together with brick ornaments on the windows, large cornices, earthenware moldings and small cast-iron columns.

  13. THEVILLAS There are two types of houses: the workers' houses and the villas. The villas have an eclectic style. They are beautiful, elegant and capricious, and were assigned to directors and clerks. They are all different and have asymmetrical plants and verandas and balconies. They have decorative elements in wood, stone, terracotta, polychrome majolica and decorative cement. In  these houses there are living rooms, studios and entertainment rooms and they are surrounded by large gardens.

  14. THE PALAZZOTTI The “palazzotti” were the first houses built near the factory. They were designed to host the skilled workers coming from Bursto Arsizio. There were about twelve families, four on each floor, who lived here. This type of home was abandoned because they weren’t considered adequate in respect to newer and more modern styles of homes that were emerging in Italy and abroad.

  15. THE CEMETERY At the end of the main road there is the cemetery. It has a decorated tower pyramid with exotic taste and eclectic style that is similar to a “ziggurat” It’s the mausoleum of the Crespi family, designed by architect Gaetano Moretti. In the big “ziggurat” there are the tombs of the Crespi family and it even contains a small chapel inside. High walls are on both sides of the building, curving around the graveyard as if offering a paternalistic hug from the Italian industrialist to all of his employees beyond death.It is in fact told that Crespi used to satisfy the needs of his employees like a caring father.

  16. Therefore at the foot of the Crespi’s mausoleum there are the workers’ graves: small crosses disposed in order in the meadow; other graves are richer and are located along the sides of the cemetery. On the heavy bronze doors of the mausoleum, there is a quote in Latin which can be translated “Death and life contended in a spectacular battle: death was defeated”. It was built it in 1906/07.

  17. THE GIFT SHOP In the gift shop, you can also get information about the village. At the time of the Crespi family, it was used as a grocery store.

  18. THE SUN TREATMENT The Crespi family introduced a sun treatment for the children in the village. It consisted in exposing children to the sun to strengthen their skeletal system with vitamin D.

  19. DANIEL HARIZI MATTIA VENTURIPATRICIA RIZZINIALESSANDRA ZINI

  20. CRESPI D’ADDA THE WORKERS' HOUSES The garden and a low fence that surrounds the area given to each family.They have either one entrance (for one family) or two entrances ere are fifty workers' houses in the Village, all of them with two floors, a vegetable (for two families). The houses were given exclusively to the workers and the rent was deducted directly from their wages. During the fascist period, the houses were colored with the colors of the Italian flag. Their fence was built with the metal clamps of cotton bales.

  21. THE CHURCH The church of Crespid'Adda is the exact copy of the Renaissance church in Busto Arsizio, where the Crespi family came from. The idea was to give the workers a place where they could pray. The entire Village could provide for all the workers' needs, from the cradle to the tomb. The walls are frescoed with refinement and some exuberance. Remarkable is the dome, where the coffered ceiling recreates the effect of a night sky with glittering stars.

  22. THE SCHOOL The school was intended to be both a useful service for the population and a means for preparing future workers, as not only children but also adults attended classes. The school was free and the teachers were paid by the factory. The school was opposite the factory because in the future the children would work there.

  23. THE PUBLIC BATHS The public baths with baths, showers, a swimming pool and hot water, heated by the factory itself were used to help the workers' hygiene.

  24. THE CRESPI FAMILY’S VILLA The Crespi villa resembles a medieval castle, and the Village as a whole can be compared to an "industrial feud". The Crespi family used to live in that villa especially in summer: in fact, for the rest of the year their main residence was in Milan.

  25. THE WASH HOUSE The washhouse is an elegant construction made of bricks and is located near the “dopolavoro”. It was built for the housewives who washed clothes. The washhouse was free for the workers and their families.

  26. THE DOPOLAVORO The “dopolavoro” (community centre) was for leisure and cultural activities and included a bar, a library and a bowls lane. The name of dopolavoro was “Uniti e forti”. The building is near the place where the church is situated and it was built in 1920.

  27. SOCIAL AND LEISURE ACTIVITIES The Village offered the population a very wide range of activities, as the Crespis wanted to combine work and leisure time. For example, the Village offered workers excursions, sports championships, school concerts and many sports.

  28. ELISABETTA ROSSINI FEDERICO VALTORTA ANGELO DRAGOTI MATTEO PADERNI

  29. INDUSTRIAL VILLAGES

  30. The workers' village is a settlement of an industrial nature, born as an answer to the needs of reconciling home and work. Depending on the ideas that are at their base: industrialpaternalism, utopian socialism. They were born in the late nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentiethcentury.

  31. The construction of workers' villages in peripheral locations was usually proposed for the following reasons: a) easy access by railway or water; b) existence of adequate public services; c) healthiness; d) possibility of creating, areas of agricultural exploitation for the members of the families of the workers

  32. Robert Owen was a Welsh textile manufacturer, philanthropic social reformer, and one of the founders of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement. In the early 1800s, Owen became rich as an investor and the manager of a large textile factory at New Lanark, Scotland, where he built a workers’ village.

  33. An important industrial village in England is New Lanark which is a village on the River Clyde, approximately 1.4 miles from Lanark, in Lanarkshire, and about 25 miles southeast of Glasgow, Scotland. Dale built the mills in partnership with the English inventor Richard Arkwright to take advantage of the water energy on the River Clyde. New Lanark became a successful business and an early example of a planned settlement and so it was an important milestone in the historical development of urban planning.

  34. Crespid’Adda is the most important industrial village in Italy. It has been perfectly preserved and it represents one of the most complete and original productions in the world. It was built by Cristoforo and Silvio Crespi between 1878 and 1930. In 1995 Crespid’Adda became a World Heritage Site of UNESCO. The village is between two rivers, Brembo and Adda and is still inhabited by the descendants of the original workers.

  35. PRODUCED BY: ANDREA FERRARI GIORGIA METELLI MIRKO RIVETTI Matteo banzea

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