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WWII-U.S. Key Battles

WWII-U.S. Key Battles. 1941-1945. U.S. and Allied Strategy. By 1941, most of Europe controlled by Germans, Pacific by Japan Dec. 7 1941 – “…a day that will live in infamy.” Victory in Europe 1 st priority, defend Pacific Early victories in N. Africa & Italy 1942-1943.

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WWII-U.S. Key Battles

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  1. WWII-U.S. Key Battles 1941-1945

  2. U.S. and Allied Strategy • By 1941, most of Europe controlled by Germans, Pacific by Japan • Dec. 7 1941 – “…a day that will live in infamy.” • Victory in Europe 1st priority, defend Pacific • Early victories in N. Africa & Italy 1942-1943

  3. Battle for the Atlantic • German Wolf Packs • approx. 681 ships sunk in 1942 • Convoys, including airplanes • Help from new technology, radar & sonar • 1943 U.S. builds 140 Liberty ships per month

  4. N. Africa • Stalin requested second front of war be established • Allies felt N. Africa was easier than crossing English Channel • Operation Torch – commanded by Eisenhower • Nov. 1942 – 107,000 Allied troops land in Casablanca, Oran, & Algiers • Erwin Rommel (a.k.a. Desert Fox) German Commander • Allies victorious by May 1943

  5. Italian campaign • Before victory in N. Africa, Allied leaders agree for unconditional surrender only. • Churchill suggested Italian invasion • Early Allied win costs Mussolini his life, 1943 • Hitler adds forces to ensure no further advance • Battle of Anzio 1943 • Hard fought • Conquer Italy in 1945

  6. D-Day invasion June 6, 1944 • Coordinated effort by U.S., Great Britain, & Canada • Attack thru air, sea, and land • Specialized groups • Paratroopers • Gliders • Engineers • Etc. • Turning point in WWII • Allows for victory in Europe

  7. Battle of the Bulge • Dec. 16, 1944 - Jan. 21, 1945 • Germany launches surprise attack on Western Front • Form “bulge” in Allied defense lines, bend but don’t break • Allies take Germany afterwards

  8. Pacific Theater • “island hopping” strategy • June 1942 – Midway • Destroy Japanese aircraft carriers • Feb – March 1945 – Iwo Jima • Important fueling station • 6,000 marines die • April – June 1945 – Okinawa • Last obstacle before assault on Japan • Last 3 months • Raises caution for invasion on Japan

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