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Unit 7A: Cognition: Memory

Unit 7A: Cognition: Memory. Unit Overview. The Phenomenon of Memory Information Processing Forgetting Memory Construction Improving Memory. Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation. The Phenomenon of Memory. Introduction. Memory

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Unit 7A: Cognition: Memory

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  1. Unit 7A:Cognition: Memory

  2. Unit Overview • The Phenomenon of Memory • Information Processing • Forgetting • Memory Construction • Improving Memory Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.

  3. The Phenomenon of Memory

  4. Introduction • Memory • Extremes of memory

  5. Information Processing

  6. Introduction Atkinson-Shiffrin Three-Stage Model • Encoding • Storage • Retrieval

  7. Introduction • Connectionism • Sensory memory • Short-term memory • Long-term memory • Modified version of the three-stage processing model of memory

  8. Introduction • Modified version of the three-stage processing model of memory • Information directly into long-term memory • Working memory

  9. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  10. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  11. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  12. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  13. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  14. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  15. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  16. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  17. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  18. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  19. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  20. Modified Three-stage Processing Model of Memory

  21. Encoding: Getting Information InHow We Encode • Automatic Processing • Parallel processing • Automatic processing • Space • Time • Frequency • Well-learned information

  22. Encoding: Getting Information InHow We Encode • Effortful Processing • Rehearsal (conscious repetition) • Ebbinghaus curve

  23. Encoding: Getting Information InHow We Encode • Ebbinghaus curve

  24. Encoding: Getting Information InHow We Encode • Overlearning • Spacing effect • Massed practice • Distributed practice • Testing effect

  25. Encoding: Getting Information InHow We Encode • Serial position effect • Recency effect • Primacy effect

  26. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Levels of Processing • Visual encoding • Acoustic encoding • Semantic encoding • Self-reference effect

  27. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode

  28. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode

  29. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode

  30. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode

  31. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Visual Encoding • Imagery • Rosy retrospection • Mnemonics • Peg-word system

  32. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  33. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  34. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  35. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  36. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  37. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  38. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Chunking • acronym

  39. Encoding: Getting Information InWhat We Encode • Organizing Information for Encoding • Hierarchies

  40. Storage: Retaining InformationSensory Memory • Sperling’s memory experiment • Iconic memory • Echoic memory

  41. Storage: Retaining InformationWorking/Short-Term Memory • Magic number Seven • Plus or minus 2 • The list of magic sevens • Seven wonders of world • Seven seas • Seven deadly sins • Seven primary colors • Seven musical scale notes • Seven days of the week

  42. Storage: Retaining InformationLong-Term Memory • Unlimited nature of long-term memory

  43. Storage: Retaining InformationStoring Memories in the Brain • Synaptic Changes • Memory trace • Long-term potentiation (LTP) • Memory boosting drugs • CREB • glutamate

  44. Storage: Retaining InformationStoring Memories in the Brain Stress Hormones and Memory • Emotions and memories • Flashbulb memory

  45. Storage: Retaining InformationStoring Memories in the Brain • Storing Implicit and Explicit Memories • Amnesia • H.M. Studies

  46. Storage: Retaining InformationStoring Memories in the Brain • Storing Implicit and Explicit Memories • Implicit memory (nondeclarative memory) • Explicit memory (declarative memory) • Hippocampus • Cerebellum

  47. Storage: Retaining InformationStoring Memories in the Brain

  48. Retrieval: Getting Information Out • Recall • Recognition • Relearning

  49. Retrieval: Getting Information OutRetrieval Cues • Retrieval cues • Mnemonic devices • Priming

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