Evidence-based Policymaking

1. Evidence-based Policymaking Dr. Shahram Yazdani Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences School of Medical Education Strategic Policy Sessions: 20

2. Types of Uncertainty INFORMATION When there isn’t enough information VALUE When information isn’t enough Types of Decision Public Policy • How should we increase disaster • preparedness in district areas? • How should we increase general • awareness about nonstructural • hazards? Administrative Policy • Where should we locate Search • and Rescue facilities? • How should we arrange financial • incentives for GPs to participate as • Disaster Medical Teams? Clinical Policy • How crush syndrome should be • treated in Iran? • What is the preferred triage plan • applicable in local medical centers?

3. Definition • “Evidence-based policymaking” is the process in which the advices and decisions of policy makers are based on the best available evidence from a wide range of sources.

4. Evidence of Effectiveness Political Acceptability Feasibility Efficiency ……. Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 …. Option n Analysis of Previous Experiences Cost Estimation of Solutions Feasibility Study of Solutions Political Analysis of Solutions • Systematic Review of Literature and Creative Mental Synthesis of Basic Concepts • The Theoretical Constructs • Their Sub-constructs • Their Neighboring Constructs • The Interrelations Between Constructs (Conceptualization and Nomological Network) • Instruments for Measurement of These Constructs Systematic Review of Literature Customized Policy Reports Definition & Conceptualization Problem Analysis Solution Appropriateness Analysis Policy Recommendation Policy Survey Comparative Study of Experiences • A statement in which different aspects of the recommended policy is explained in simple, understandable terms for policymakers • Scrutinization of draft policy statement through formal round-table expert feedback • Legitimation of the policy statement through formal Delphi method • Rewriting the original policy report for different target groups with different background knowledge about the policy issue and different interests • Applying Predefined Instruments for Determining The Current Situation of The Problem (Extent, Depth, Consequences, and Impact of The Problem) in The Country or Organization • Building the scientific basis for policy making through systematic searching, scientific appraising and biasfree synthesis of current available literature about effectiveness of different solutions. • Learning from similar experiences in other organizations and countries (Indicators, variables, strengths, weaknesses, features and characteristics ) • Comparing different solution options according to predefined criteria • Stepwise implementation guide for operational managers Policy Legislation Policy Scrutinization & Legitimation • Reports of policy implementation according to main progress (performance) indicators • Stepwise implementation guide for operational managers • Critically discussing the legislated policy through systematic biasfree comparison of this policy with recommended policy according to pre-selected set of criteria Expected Policy Goals Policy Implementation Capacity Building Recommended Policy Adopted Recommended Policy Not Adopted Policy Impact Assessment Policy Implementation Report Educational Package Policy Operation Guide Policy Critics

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6. Thank You ! Any Question ?