Values and Personality Characteristics as Predictors of Ethnic Intolerance Lusine Grigoryan

1. Values and Personality Characteristics as Predictors of Ethnic Intolerance LusineGrigoryan National Research University – Higher School of Economics

2. Starting point There are many different explanatory models of ethnic intolerance, but an integrated model, included all predictors of ethnic intolerance, still doesn’t exist. There are many “white spots” in this filed: • One of them is interrelations between individual values and ethnic intolerance; • Another – the importance of social and personality predictors. Purpose of this study is to reveal interconnections between individual values, personal characteristics and ethnic intolerance.

3. Theoretical background • The Authoritarian Personality (T. Adorno), theory of social categorization and social identity (H. Tajfel),studies of J. Berry and N. Lebedeva, etc. • Theory of basic human values (Sh. Shwartz) • This theory of personality factors (R. Cattell)

4. Main hypothesis • Individual values and personal characteristics are interrelated with ethnic intolerance.

5. Sub-hypotheses • Such personality factors as Emotional stability, Rule-Consciousness, Vigilance, Apprehension, Openness to change are connected with ethnic intolerance index negatively. • Such individual values as Power, Achievement, Hedonism, Security, Conformity and Tradition are connected with ethnic intolerance positively, while Stimulation, Self-direction, Universalism and Benevolence – negatively. • There are significant differences in values and traits between two polar groups: “tolerant” and “intolerant” respondents. • Individual values have more effect on attitude towards ethnic tolerance/intolerance compared with personality factors.

6. Method Survey Questionnaire included: • Schwartz’s Value Survey (SVS, 57-item); • Tolerance scale (J. Berry) (Cronbach'sα = .73); • 16 PF (R. Cattell).

7. Self-Direction Openness to Change Self-transcendence Universalism Stimulation Benevolence Hedonism Conformity Tradition Achievement Conservation Self-enhancement Security Power Theoretical background

8. Sample

9. Results Connections between individual values and ethnic intolerance index

10. Results Interconnections between personality factors and ethnic intolerance

11. Results Interconnections between individual values and personality factors

12. Results Regression analysis:

13. Results • Group 1: intolerance index > 2 (22 respondents); • Group 2: intolerance index < 0.67 (15 respondents). Significant differences in individual values Significant differences in value types

14. Self -transcendence Благожелательность Универсализм Openness to change Intolerance Rule-Consciousness Negative correlation Negative regression Value Personality factor Correlates and predictors of ethnic intolerance Benevolence Universalism

15. Results ANOVA model: Corrected R2 = 0.22

16. Benevolence F = 3.65** Universalism F =3.78** Intolerance Tradition F =2.55* Hedonism F =2.49* Power F =2.86* Results

17. Findings • Interconnections between values, personality factors and ethnic intolerance were revealed, so the main hypothesis of the study was confirmed. • Such personality factors as Rule-Consciousness and Openness to change and such values as Benevolence and Universalism (values of Self-transcendence) negatively connected with ethnic intolerance. • Individual values have stronger effect on attitude towards ethnic tolerance/intolerance compared with personality characteristics.

18. Thank you for attention!