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DOE Final Rule Transformer Efficiency

Scope of Final Rule. Liquid-filled distribution transformersHV ratings through 35 kVLV ratings 600 Volts and belowSingle-phase capacities 10-833 kVAThree-phase capacities 15-2500 kVADry-type medium-voltage transformerApproximately same ratings as for liquid-filled. Changes: NOPR vs Final Rule.

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DOE Final Rule Transformer Efficiency

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    1. DOE Final Rule Transformer Efficiency

    2. Scope of Final Rule Liquid-filled distribution transformers HV ratings through 35 kV LV ratings 600 Volts and below Single-phase capacities 10-833 kVA Three-phase capacities 15-2500 kVA Dry-type medium-voltage transformer Approximately same ratings as for liquid-filled

    3. Changes: NOPR vs Final Rule 10-100 kVA single-phase mandated efficiency slightly less thanTSL5 (was TSL2) 167 kVA single-phase mandated efficiency at TSL4 (was TSL2) 250-833 kVA single phase mandated efficiency between TSL2 and TSL3 (was TSL2)

    4. Changes: NOPR vs Final Rule 15-300 kVA three phase, efficiency levels are TSL2 (unchanged) 500-2500 kVA three phase mandated efficiency levels at TSL3 or slightly above TSL3

    5. Liquid-Filled Efficiency Levels (DOE vs NEMA)

    6. Liquid-Filled Efficiency Levels

    7. Major ConcernsRaw Materials Most distribution transformers sold today do not meet DOE mandate. Additional demand on scarce resourceswill impact transformer cost and availability Magnet wire 55% increased consumption Strip aluminum 55% increased consumption Transformer oil 3% reduced consumption Core steel 25% increased consumption (and 20% decreased core steel vendor capacity)

    8. Cost/Efficiency Relationship

    9. Major ConcernsCore Steel

    10. Core Grade Distribution, Non-DOE Designs

    11. Major ConcernsCore Steel DOE mandate will force a shift to M2, M3 and M4 grades will eliminate usage of M5 and M6 grades for liquid-filled designs

    12. Major ConcernsCore Steel Core steel in global short supply Domestic suppliers plan no significant capacity increases Core steel suppliers unable to supply enough M2 and M3 steel Globally, few core steel suppliers offer M2 and M3 grades Dry-type transformer producers will consume M5 and M6 grades Rare and exotic core materials may be required (amorphous metal, laser scribed, high-B, etc.)

    13. Transformer Cost Transformer prices will increase an average 15-30% for aluminum primary designs (depending on product line) Transformer prices will increase an average 25-40% for non optimum designs (depending on product line) Increases for individual utilities will vary widely, based on present efficiency levels

    14. Other Issues How will increased pole-type transformer size and weight of 20-25% impact utility retrofits and service reliability? How will manufacturers handle redesign requirements (most transformer designs do not meet the DOE mandate)? Will waivers be available for emergencies?

    15. Howard Action Plan Improve process capacities to compensate for increased size and weight Increase core winding, annealing and lacing capacities Increase coil winding capacities Increase coil oven capacities Increase core/coil oven capacities Increase crane and conveyor capacities Expand Laurel Facility size by 525,000 ft2 Increase unit production capacities Small pole-type from 3,000 to 6,000 units per week Padmounted capacity by 15% Modify factory test stations

    16. Buy the Lowest TOC That Meets DOE

    17. Implementation Schedule

    18. DOE Contact Antonio Bousa: Project Manager for Distribution Transformer Energy Conservation Standards, (202) 586-4563 DOE Web: http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/commercial/distribution_transformers.html Howard Web: www.howard.com

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