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Chapter 18: Cold War Conflicts

Chapter 18: Cold War Conflicts. Section 2: The Cold War Heats Up. China Becomes a Communist Nation. Objective… Explain how Communists came to power in China and how the United States. Summary Notes: The Chinese Civil war.

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Chapter 18: Cold War Conflicts

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  1. Chapter 18: Cold War Conflicts Section 2: The Cold War Heats Up

  2. China Becomes a Communist Nation Objective… Explain how Communists came to power in China and how the United States.

  3. Summary Notes: The Chinese Civil war • Communists (Leader: Mao Zedong) had been fighting the Nationalists (Leader: Chaing Kai-shek) for decades in China… The U.S. had support the Nationalists • The civil war subsided during the WW II Japanese invasion • Kai-shek becomes unpopular by taxing the poor. farmers…Mao became popular by helping the peasant farmers. • 1949 the Nationalist government collapses flees to Taiwan • Mao establishes the People’s Republic of China

  4. NationalistsLeader: Chiang Kai-shek Communists: Leader: Mao Zedong

  5. 1. Chaing Kai-shek or Nationalist Chinese differences… Mao Zedong or Communist Chinese differences… Similarities …

  6. China Becomes a Communist Nation 2. What was the American public’s reaction to the communist takeover in China? How did the takeover affect American politics? Stunned that Containment had failed • Truman is blamed for the lose of China • Americans ask why Containment was only important in Europe • The fear of communism runs rampant in America

  7. IN 1950 THE TWO GREAT COMMUNIST POWERS SIGNED THE SINO-SOVIET PACT. THIS CREATED A BILATERAL DEFENSE COMMITMENT AND SETTLED BOUNDARY ISSUES. THE USSR ALSO AGREED TO PROVIDE LIMITED AID TO CHINA.

  8. IN FEBRUARY OF 1950 THE TWO GREAT COMMUNIST POWERS SIGNED THE SINO-SOVIET PACT. THIS CREATED A BILATERAL DEFENSE COMMITMENT AND SETTLED BOUNDARY ISSUES. THE USSR ALSO AGREED TO PROVIDE LIMITED AID TO CHINA.

  9. The Korean War/ The U.S. Fights in Korea Objective… Summarize the events of the Korean War.

  10. The Division of Korea 3. The 38th Parallel The dividing line between N. & S. Korea

  11. 4. How did Korea become a divided nation after World War II? • North Korea • Korea is divided (N–S) at the 38th Parallel • USSR reconstructs NK • Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Kim II Sung • South Korea • US reconstructs south of the 38th parallel • Republic of Korea • 1949- 500 US troops in SK • Syngman Rhee

  12. North Korea Attacks… • June, 1950 NK attacks SK • NK goal is unification • The UN Security Council votes to send troops: • 16 nations • 520,000 troops,(90% US) • Leader: General Douglas Mac Arthur

  13. Stage INK attacks - June, 1951 Stage IIUS pushed to the Pusan PerimeterJuly, 1951

  14. Stage IIIInchon Landing Sept. & Oct, 1951 Stage IVOct. & Nov,1951The YaluRiver

  15. 1952-1953 Stalemate Stage VWinter1952“Fighting in Reverse” • NK forced back over 38th parallel • MacArthur fights into NK – Yalu River • Nov,1950 - 300,000 Chinese attack

  16. Stalemate in Korea • July, 1951- Peace talks began at Pammunjom • July, 1953 - Armistice announced • The DMZ at the 38th parallel • 6. How did the Korean War end? Pammunjom38thParallel • STALEMATE • The dividing line was the same - 38th P • Communism was “Contained” • The country was stilled divided

  17. Truman vs. MacArthur MacArthur demanded publically we take the war into China & use atomic weapons 5. How did Truman & MacArthur differ over strategy in the Korean War? • MacArthur Criticizes HST • April,1951- Truman fires MacArthur • 69% favor MacArthur… Truman becomes very unpopular

  18. Who is pictured? Why the hat? President Truman Truman fired MacArthur & is wearing his military hat… Truman proved who had the power & was in control of the Korean War… Civilian control of the military

  19. Korean War Summary“The Forgotten War” • 54,000 American lives • 2M Koreans & Chinese • $67 - $100 billion The Korean War Memorial

  20. The decision to go to war in Korea is an example of Truman’s policy of: A) Internationalism B) Appeasement C) Expansion D) Containment D) Containment

  21. Nationalist v. Communist Chinese North Korea vs. South Korea A civil war erupts… Nationalist v. Communist North Korea attacks South Korea Nationalists Non-Communist South Korea Non-Communist Engaged in war through a UN resolution … “Police Action” Military aid to the Nationalists Communist Chinese take over… Mao becomes the leader of China… Nationalists flee to Taiwan • Stalemate… • Korea divided at the 38th parallel • Communism is contained Americans shocked that China fell to Communism… Communism spread… Containment failed Bitter about a war that had been unsuccessful & cost so many lives & so much $

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