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Oxidation Numbers

Oxidation Numbers. Chapter 7, Section 2. Hill of Oxidation Numbers. Remember you can use the hill of oxidation numbers for groups 1,2,13-17. Oxidation Numbers. Ox #’s show general distribution of electrons when elements are in a compound Pure elements have an ox # of zero

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Oxidation Numbers

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  1. Oxidation Numbers Chapter 7, Section 2

  2. Hill of Oxidation Numbers • Remember you can use the hill of oxidation numbers for groups 1,2,13-17

  3. Oxidation Numbers • Ox #’s show general distribution of electrons when elements are in a compound • Pure elements have an ox # of zero • The more EN element in a compound gets the negative ox# (less EN gets positive ox #)

  4. Assigning Ox #’s • F always has an ox# of -1 • O usually has ox# of -2 • When peroxide, O has ox# of -1 • When bonded to halogens, O has ox# of +2 • H has ox# of +1 when bonded to elements of higher EN & -1 when bonded to elements of lower EN • Most other elements follow the hill of ox#

  5. Oxidation Numbers • Sum of all oxidation numbers of all atoms in a compound MUST equal zero if compound is neutral • In polyatomic ions, sum of ox# will equal the charge

  6. Oddities • Non-metals can have multiple ox# • Range from -4 up to +6 • When in molecular compounds, nonmetals do not follow the “hill of ox#”

  7. Ammonium Acetate Chlorate Chlorite Hydroxide Hypochlorite Nitrate Nitrite Perchlorate Permanganate Carbonate Peroxide Sulfate Sulfite Phosphate Phosphite (PO3-3) Polyatomic ions that you have to know . . .

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