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Greek Philosophy, Art, & Literature

Greek Philosophy, Art, & Literature. 4.4. Philosophy. Philosopher Lover of wisdom Mathematics Music Logic Ethics Morality Discover laws that governed the universe through reason and observation Debated the best kind of government and how to rule human behavior. Sophists & Socrates.

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Greek Philosophy, Art, & Literature

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  1. Greek Philosophy, Art, & Literature 4.4

  2. Philosophy • Philosopher • Lover of wisdom • Mathematics • Music • Logic • Ethics • Morality • Discover laws that governed the universe through reason and observation • Debated the best kind of government and how to rule human behavior

  3. Sophists & Socrates • Sophists questioned accepted ideas • Success was more important than moral truth • Some thought this undermined Greek values • Socrates • Athenian • Most of what we know comes from his student, Plato • Socratic Method • Spent time asking questions as a way to help others seek truth and self-knowledge • Seen as a threat to values and traditions, put on trial • Convicted of corrupting the youth and executed

  4. PLato • Distrusted democracy • Set up Academy • Taught and wrote about the importance of reason • Through rational thought people could discover unchanging ethical values, recognize perfect beauty, and learn how to best organize society • The Republic • Ideal society • State should regulate life • Workers, Soldiers, Philosophers • Thought men surpassed women

  5. Aristotle • Analyzed forms of government • Favored rule by a strong and virtuous leader • The Golden Mean • Thought people should live a of moderation between extremes • Promoted reason as the guiding force for learning • Lyceum • Study all branches of knowledge • Wrote about • Politics, ethics, logic, biology, literature, etc.

  6. Architecture • Sought to convey a sense of perfect balance to reflect the harmony and order of the universe • Parthenon

  7. Art • Early sculptors mimicked Egyptian styles • Rigid poses • 450 BCE Greek sculptors developed a new style • Emphasized natural forms • Lifelike • Idealistic • Paintings • On pottery

  8. Literature • Classical Style • Elegant and balanced forms of tradition Greek art • Homer • Epic poems • Sappho • Love and beauty • Pindar • Athletes

  9. Literature • Drama • Early plays evolved out of religious festivals to honor Dionysus • Actors wore elaborate costumes and stylized masks • Chorus sang or chanted • Based on popular myths and legends • Tragedies • Told the stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster • Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides

  10. Literature • Comedy • Humorous plays that mocked people or customs • Aristophanes • Similar approach as political cartoonists today • History • Herodotus • The Father of History • Went beyond listing names of ruler and retelling ancient legends • Historie – inquiry • Interviewed people and chronicled events, his own opinion heavily influenced his writings

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