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CATALYTIC CONVERTERS

CATALYTIC CONVERTERS . PREPARED BY; MUHAMMED DOĞAN 9/B 232. CONTENT. The Origin The Usage & Importance The Dangers The Development The Types How They Work For The Future Quiz Time . The Origin. Eugene Houdry around 1950 for smoke stacks. The Usage & Importance.

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CATALYTIC CONVERTERS

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  1. CATALYTIC CONVERTERS PREPARED BY; MUHAMMED DOĞAN 9/B 232

  2. CONTENT • The Origin • The Usage & Importance • The Dangers • The Development • The Types • How They Work • For The Future • Quiz Time

  3. The Origin • Eugene Houdry • around 1950 • for smoke stacks

  4. The Usage & Importance • made up of platinum, palladium and rhodium • speed up chemical reactions • dangerous gases ---- less dangerous. • environment hygiene

  5. The Dangers • Nitrogen oxides,NO and NO2----acid rains. • Carbon monoxide(CO) burn in insufficient oxygen---- poisonous. • Unburnt hydrocarbons ------ cancer.

  6. The Development • Eugene Houdry, for gasoline engines, mid 1950s • John J. Mooney & Carl D. Keith, for creating the first production catalytic converter, 1973.

  7. The Types • 2 types; • Two-way (Oxidation) • Three-way (Oxidation-Reduction)

  8. Two-Way (Oxidation) • 2 simultaneous task:  Carbon monoxide burns with oxygen to form carbon dioxide: 2CO + O2 2CO2 • Hydrocarbons burn with oxygen to carbondioxide and water: CxH2x+2 + [(3x+1)/2] O2xCO2 + (x+1) H2O • diesel engines --- reduce hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emission. • gasoline engines until 1975.

  9. Three-Way (Oxidation- Reduction) • 3 simultaneous tasks: • Reduction of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and oxygen: • 2NOx → xO2 + N2 • Carbon monoxide burns with oxygen to form carbon dioxide: • 2CO + O2 → 2CO2 • Hydrocarbons burn with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water: • CxH2x+2 + [(3x+1)/2]O2 → xCO2 + (x+1)H2O • have been used since 1975. • for vehicle emission control system.

  10. How They Work? http://www.fordscorpio.co.uk/cats.htm

  11. Forthe future

  12. Quiz Time • Question #1: What year did the catalytic converter make its debut? A-1965 B-1975 C-1985 THE ANSWER IS ‘B’

  13. Quiz Time • Question #2: In chemistry, what is the name of a substance that causes or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected? A- Cascade B- Cathode C- Catalyst THE ANSWER IS ‘C’

  14. Quiz Time • Question #3: A standard catalytic converter contains several hundred dollars worth of what materials? A- Gold, silver and bronze B- Platinum, palladium and rhodium C- Chromium, platinum and silver THE ANSWER IS ‘B’

  15. The End • Thanks for listening to me 

  16. REFERENCES • http://auto.howstuffworks.com/catalytic-converter-quiz.htm • http://www.obitet.gazi.edu.tr/obitet/yakitlar_yaglar/euro%202003%20emisyon1.htm • http://www.fordscorpio.co.uk/cats.htm

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