Section II Store Your Bricks

1. Section II Store Your Bricks Sustainable Urbanization When Premier Li Keqiang visited Germany in late May 2013, a number of cooperation agreements on implementing the China-Germany urbanization partnership and carrying out cooperation to build low-carbon① eco-cities were signed between the two countries. Concerning about China's urbanization, four questions need to be answered.

2. Section II Store Your Bricks First, how to increase the urbanization rate? Although China's urbanization has been proceeding rapidly in recent years, the urbanization rate is not as high as it should be and it is lagging behind the nation's industrialization. However, it also implies that the huge potential of domestic demand will be a future driver for development, which is a major condition to support a medium GDP annual growth rate of 7 to 8 percent over the next decade.

3. Section II Store Your Bricks That is to say, China's urbanization can potentially develop at an annual rate of 1 to 1.2 percent over the next 10 years. Learning from the urbanization experiences of other countries, Germany in particular, will be very important if China is to achieve more smooth and sustainable urbanization.

4. Section II Store Your Bricks Second, how to increase the population level of urbanization? The official urbanization rate is 52.6 percent, but this includes the 260 million rural migrant workers in the urban population. If rural migrant workers are not included, China's real urbanization rate is only 35.2 percent. This is much lower than the world average of around 52 percent, and it is less than half of the rate in countries such as Germany and the ROK.

5. Section II Store Your Bricks Premier Li Keqiang has long been emphasizing that “the essence and the core of urbanization is population urbanization”. The low level of population urbanization directly affects not only the quality of urbanization, but also the upgrading of the economic structure and transformation of economic development patterns.

6. Section II Store Your Bricks To increase the level of population urbanization, we need to learn and draw on the experiences of Germany and other countries in formulating a policy and institutional system for population urbanization. Third, how to solve the issue of population over-aggregation in big cities?

7. Section II Store Your Bricks At present, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are the four most populous cities in China. The population in both Beijing and Shanghai exceeds 20 million, more than their planned capacity of 18 million by 2020. On the other hand, the population in medium and small cities has been declining. Although house prices have been remaining high in big cities, the attractiveness of big cities to migrants is still far stronger than that of the smaller cities.

8. Section II Store Your Bricks The Chinese government has been prioritizing the development of medium and small cities and rural towns, and has promulgated many policies for this purpose. Yet it is still a case of “feeling the stones in the river②” as Deng Xiaoping observed. In Germany, there is a rational industrial, employment and population distribution, as 60 percent of the population and 80 percent of small and medium-sized enterprises are located in small towns with a population less than 20,000.

9. Section II Store Your Bricks China can tackle the problem of irrational population distribution by learning from the experience of countries such as Germany. Fourth, how to improve the quality of urbanization?

10. Section II Store Your Bricks All the big cities in China suffer from “urban diseases③”, such as serious air pollution and traffic congestion. And there are still bottlenecks that prevent effective efforts to tackle the problems brought about by urbanization. Strengthening exchanges and cooperation with Germany and other countries will improve the quality of China's urbanization.

11. Section II Store Your Bricks And that is a practical and urgent need for China. A new type of urbanization in China will not only unleash the biggest potential driver for its future development, it will also greatly contribute to the rebalancing of the world economy.

12. Section II Store Your Bricks 可持续发展的城镇化 2013年5月下旬，在李克强总理访问德国期间，中德两国签署了关于开展中德城市化建设伙伴关系，以及共建低碳生态城市的多项合作协议。谈到中国的城市化建设，有四个问题需要解决。

13. Section II Store Your Bricks 第一，如何提高城市化率？ 尽管近几年中国的城市化进程得到迅速推进，但是城市化率并没有提高到应达到的高度，且落后于工业化程度。这也意味着城市化率将成为未来10年内国民生产总值比率中等程度规模增长7~8个百分点的主要条件，其在国家内需上的巨大潜力将成为未来发展的驱动。

14. Section II Store Your Bricks 也就是说，中国的城市化率在未来10年内极有可能达到1%~1.2%的年增长率。学习其他国家的城市化发展经验，尤其是德国的经验，将对中国实现更顺畅、可持续的城市化发展起到非常重要的作用。

15. Section II Store Your Bricks 第二，如何提高人口的城市化水平？ 城市化率的官方数字是52.6％，但是这包括生活在城市中的2.6亿农民工。如果农民工不包括在内，中国的实际城市化率只有35.2％。这比世界平均水平的52％要低得多，且低于德国和韩国城市化率的一半。

16. Section II Store Your Bricks 李克强总理一直强调“城市化的本质与核心是人口的城市化”。低水平的人口城市化不仅直接影响城市化的质量，也影响着经济结构的升级和经济发展方式的转变。

17. Section II Store Your Bricks 要提高人口城市化水平，我们应当学习和借鉴德国及其他国家在人口城市化政策制定和制度体系的建设方面的经验。 第三，如何解决大城市人口过度集中的问题？

18. Section II Store Your Bricks 目前，北京、上海、广州和深圳是中国人口最多的四个城市。北京和上海两地的人口均已超过2000万，超过了此前所预计的到2020年1800万人口的数量。另一方面，中小城市的人口一直在下降。尽管大城市的房价居高不下，但大城市对于外来人口的吸引力仍远远大于那些小城市。

19. Section II Store Your Bricks 中国政府一直以来都优先考虑中小城市和农村城镇的发展，并以此为目的出台了许多相关政策。然而，如邓小平同志所说，仍还只是“摸着石头过河”的情况。德国的产业结构、就业情况和人口分布就相对合理，60％的人口和80％的小型、中型企业都分布在人口不足2万的小城市。

20. Section II Store Your Bricks 中国可以学习其他国家，比如德国的经验，从而解决人口分布不合理的问题。 第四，如何提高城市化的质量？

21. Section II Store Your Bricks 所有的中国大城市现在都患上了“城市病”，如严重的空气污染和交通拥堵。眼下仍存在部分瓶颈，使城市化所带来的问题得不到行之有效的解决。加强同德国及其他国家交流与合作，将会提高中国城市化的质量。

22. Section II Store Your Bricks 这对中国来说也是实际而又迫切的需求。新型的城市化（建设）不仅会使中国在未来的发展中释放最大的潜能，也将为世界经济的再平衡起到极大的促进作用。

23. Section II Store Your Bricks Practice What You Learnt Task 1 Comprehension Check Choose the best answer according to the text.

24. Section II Store Your Bricks According to the text, what is the main purpose of China to sign the agreements with Germany? To establish the cooperation with Germany. To implement the China-Germany urbanization partnership and carry out cooperation to build low-carbon eco-cities. To build up the China-Germany urbanization partnership and carry out cooperation in city development. To enhance the cooperation with Germany in economy area. B Click me

25. Section II Store Your Bricks According to the text, what is the essence and the core of urbanization? Economy growth. Education improvement. Population urbanization. Public service improvement. C Click me

26. Section II Store Your Bricks What does the phrase “feeling the stones in the river” mean in the third line of paragraph ten? 触摸河中的石头 感觉河里的石头 摸着石头过河 踩着石头过河 C Click me

27. Section II Store Your Bricks To improve the quality of urbanization, what is a practical and urgent need for China? Slow down the process of urbanization. Strengthen the cooperation with other countries. Speed up the process of urbanization. Improve the quality of urbanization. D Click me

28. Section II Store Your Bricks What is the main idea of this text? China should improve the quality of urbanization. China should learn from the experiences of urbanization of other countries. China should strengthen the cooperation with other countries in urbanization only. China should not only strengthen the cooperation with other countries in urbanization but also need to focus on how to improve the quality of urbanization. D Click me

29. Section II Store Your Bricks Task 2 Vocabulary and Sentences （1）Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.

30. Section II Store Your Bricks a delay or period of waiting between one event and a second event ① sustainable B. instrumentation （a piece of equipment or tool） used to effect an end ②cooperation ③ implement C. relating to or happening in one particular country and not involving any other countries ④ proceed D. used to describe a plan, method, or system which is designed to continue at the same rate or level of activity without any problems ⑤ lag ⑥ domestic E. to change the official description of something to make it seem better or more important ⑦ essence F. continue to do something that has already been planned or started ⑧ upgrade G. joint operation or action ⑨ pattern H. the amount of something that a factory, company, machine etc. can produce or deal with ⑩ exceed I. used when talking about the most basic and important part of something, especially an idea, belief, or argument capacity J. to try to deal with a difficult problem tackle K. be or do something to a greater degree L. a thing, idea, or person that is an example to copy

31. Section II Store Your Bricks （2）Complete the sentences with the words from above . Change the form if necessary. Click me tackle I certainly couldn't _________ his problem on my own. Fertility rates, in turn, have declined so that births now do not _________ deaths. exceed Click me The money enabled us to _________ the town's leisure facilities. upgrade Click me

32. Section II Store Your Bricks Haiti needs ___________ investments in education to give Haitians the means to rebuild their country. sustainable Click me Click me domestic There are some signs of recovery in __________ demand. There's a time __________ between infection with HIV and developing AIDS. lag Click me

33. Section II Store Your Bricks We can both benefit from __________ , not confrontation. Click me cooperation I really admire his _________ for work. Click me capacity The book set the __________ for over 40 similar historical romances. pattern Click me

34. Section II Store Your Bricks A spade is an __________ for digging. implement Click me We're not sure whether we still want to _________ with the sale. Click me proceed The two things are the same in outward form but different in _________. Click me essence

35. Section II Store Your Bricks （3） Rewrite the following sentences after the model.

36. Section II Store Your Bricks The book is mainly talking about Soviet-American relations during the Cold War. The book___________________ Soviet-American relations during the Cold War. concerned with Click me

37. Section II Store Your Bricks Where our children's education is involved, no compromise is acceptable. is concerned Click me Where our children's education ____________, no compromise is acceptable. He doesn't take an interest in the details. concern withthe details Click me Click me He doesn't___________ himself _______________ .

38. Section II Store Your Bricks He especially loves science fiction. He loves ______________________________. in particularly science fiction

39. Section II Store Your Bricks Is there anything special you'd like for dinner? Click me Is there anything ______________________________________________? in particular you'd like for dinner It was a good concert ‐I especially enjoyed the last song. It was a good concert‐I__________________________________________. enjoyed the last song in particular Click me

40. Section II Store Your Bricks His work primarily uses and benefits from learning the theories of the 1980s. His work __________________________________________________________. draws heavily on learning theories of the 1980s Click me

41. Section II Store Your Bricks She has 20 years' teaching experience to use for reference. Click me She has 20 years' teaching experience to ______________? drawon We must use the sections of the book as required. Sections of the book ___________________________________________. should be drawn on as required Click me

42. Section II Store Your Bricks Although it might not look as it seems to be, I'm also tired. Unlikely ________________________, I'm tired, too. as it might seem Click me

43. Section II Store Your Bricks Sue couldn't get the door open, though she tried as possible as she could. ____________________, Sue couldn't get the door open. Try as she might Click me Although the President is very popular, he hasn't always managed to have his own way. _________________________, the President hasn't managed to have his own way. As popular as he is Click me

44. Section II Store Your Bricks Task 3 Translation (1) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The old pattern of urbanization is not sustainable in the longer term. The central issue in seeking new-type urbanization is quality and efficiency. The new type of urbanization should be able to overcome the drawbacks（缺点） of the old path, and a significant focus of government job is to solve the housing, education, health care and pension problems of rural workers to grant them the same treatment as urbanites.

45. Section II Store Your Bricks Urbanization should focus on energy-saving, green and efficient development of cities and make scientific plans when it comes to layouts（安排）, so that land resources can be used within minimum waste. It also needs to explore a new pattern that fits the next 35 years, instead of becoming an extension of the old mode seen in the past 35 years.

46. Section II Store Your Bricks Therefore, China should take an urbanization path that meets high international standards, incorporates the ideas of green and intelligent growth and also features values including frugality（节俭）, love of the environment and social harmony.

47. Section II Store Your Bricks 旧的城市化模式从长远来看是不可持续的。在寻求新型城市化的过程中应当注意的核心问题是质量和效率。

48. Section II Store Your Bricks 新型的城市化模式应当能够克服旧路子的弊端，政府工作的重点在于解决农民工的住房、教育、医疗和养老问题，给予他们与城市居民同等的待遇。城市化应当把重点放在城市发展的节能、环保及高效上，注意城市布局的科学规划，使得土地资源的浪费能够控制在最小范围内。当然，我们还要探索适合今后35年发展的新路子，而不是延续之前35年的旧模式。

49. Section II Store Your Bricks 因此，中国应走一条符合国际高标准、采用绿色环保及智能化发展理念，具有节俭、热爱环境、社会和谐特色的城市化道路。

50. Section II Store Your Bricks (2) Translate the following passage into English. 在中国，城市化取得了卓越的成就，但同时也面临着严峻的挑战。卓越的成就是指中国城市化的速度很快，而严峻的挑战是指城市化过程中涌现出的问题很多，比如环境恶化（environmentaldegradation）、市政服务和社会服务贫乏（inadequacy），以及不断加剧的社会不公平（inequality）现象等。