Southwest Electrical Distribution Exchange (SWEDE) May 2, 2008 Materials and Equipment

1. Southwest Electrical Distribution Exchange (SWEDE)May 2, 2008Materials and Equipment John Macek Application Director, S&C Electric Company

2. TripSaver 1-Phase Recloser

3. S&C TripSaver – What Is It? • A self-powered electronically controlled vacuum interrupter • mounted in a standard cutout mounting • no batteries required • no replaceable parts • 20 pounds • no dials to set

4. S&C TripSaver – What Is It? • A self-powered electronically controlled vacuum interrupter • mounted in a standard cutout mounting • no batteries required • no replaceable parts • 20 pounds • no dials to set • And it drops open and automatically resets

5. S&C TripSaver – Operation • Model with –K100 control module • open-total clear firstshot (1.5 to 2 cycles) • 5 seconds open(reclose interval) • reclose-100K totalclear time- delay curve (armed for 15 seconds) • open • dropout • reset-5sec • manual close byoperator

6. TripSaver Advantages • Economical • Lightweight • Easy to Install • Portable • Visible Break • Improves reliability • Allows Fuse Savings

7. IntelliRupter® PulseCloser 3-Phase Recloser

9. Upright Crossarm, Disconnect Style

10. What Is Pulseclosing? • Acquires the same key information as conventional reclosing… • determine whether the system is faulted or not • without the harmful side effects of reclosing • voltage sags • mechanical stresses • thermal stresses • equipment damage • Can be applied on radial, looped, or complex multi-source systems

11. CLOSING ANGLE 118° AFTER VOLTAGE ZERO Voltage This Is the Pulse! Current Point-on-Wave Closing • If closing angle is 118° after a voltage zero, you getinitial minor loop plus major loop of asym. fault current • By opening before major loop, you get only minor loop

12. Energy Let-Through

13. Pulseclosing Energy • Fault I2t let-through is typically less than 2% compared to a conventional reclose Fault 1 Fault 2 Fault 3

14. Conventional Reclosing B Phase Permanent Fault Test 2 Initial Trip Test 1 Time (sec)

15. Pulseclosing B Phase Permanent Fault Fault-Pulses Fault-Pulses Initial Trip Test 1 Test 2 Time (sec)

16. Pulseclosing B Phase Temporary Fault Load-Pulse Close Fault-Pulses Initial Trip Test 1 Test 2 Time (sec)

17. Effects of Pulseclosing on Coordination • Sequence reset time of upline device must be greater than the longest contiguous pulse sequence • Pulses are too short to start upline device overcurrent timing Fault Initiation Closed Recloser 1 2 3 4 Open T4 T3 T2 T1 Closed Pulsecloser IT Open

18. Fault Initiation Closed Recloser 1 2 3 4 Open T4 T3 T2 T1 Closed Pulsecloser IT Open Effects of Pulseclosing on Coordination • Upline fuses do not accumulate heating for pulses • Upline electromechanical relays do not accumulate time for pulses

19. PulseFinding • IntelliRupter’s PulseFinding capability helps recover from mis-coordination. This reduces SAIFI and SAIDI Recloser R2 R1 Lockout Lockout Pulsecloser IR2 R1 Closed Lockout Pulsing IR2 IR1 Open Lockout

20. PulseFinding • Non-communicating automatic sectionalizingand restoration • Coordinate using TCCs to the extent possible • Then use shared curves for remaining devices

21. 4 00 A 600 A IEEE Inverse IEEE Inverse IR1 IR5 IR2 IR3 IR4 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 1: All devices closed

22. IR2 IR4 IR5 IR1 IR3 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 2: Permanent fault. IR2, IR3, IR4 trip • pulsefinding logic ensures that IR3 and IR4 open even if they had not tripped yet, assuming they are timing on overcurrent and near tripping when an upline device trips

23. IR4 IR5 IR1 IR2 IR3 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 3: IR2 pulsecloses to test the line

24. IR5 IR4 IR1 IR2 IR3 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 4: IR2 closes, energizing IR3

25. IR4 IR5 IR 1 IR3 IR2 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 5: IR3 pulsecloses to test the line

26. IR5 IR3 IR1 IR2 IR4 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 6: IR3 closes, energizing IR4

27. IR5 IR4 IR1 IR3 IR2 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 7: IR4 pulsecloses to test the line

28. IR2 IR4 IR5 IR1 IR3 PulseFinding Pulseclosing a String of Devices • 5 series IntelliRupters, 4 with identical protection settings • Step 8: IR4 pulsecloses again, eventually locks out

29. Pulseclosing Loops • New technology to enhance loop systems. • Tests the line without “reclosing” into the fault. • Expand loop systems to unlimited number of devices. • Overcomes the coordination constraint.

30. Conclusion • Pulseclosingtests overhead distribution circuits for the presence or absence of faults • eliminates voltage sags from reclosing into faults • reduces stress on power system equipment • Pulsefinding overcomes the coordination constraint • proper segmentation for unlimited number of devices. No communication needed • use as fast-recovery backup to communication-enabled protection and restoration systems • use to add sectionalizing to overhead systems

31. Fuse-Saving Curve Fuse R1 SOURCE 3000 5200 Fuse Saving Curve Saves fuse if it can No trips if it cannot

32. IntelliTeam® II Feeder Automation

33. S&C’s ITII Feeder Automation • Peer to Peer Distributed Logic Feeder Automation • Works with Switches, Reclosers, and Breakers • Overhead and Underground • Auto Restoration • Expandable

34. S&C’s ITII Feeder Automation • Logic resides in control firmware • Configured, not programmed

35. Application

36. Segmentation Advantages Radial Load-Interrupting Looped Load-Interrupting Radial Fault-Interrupting Looped Fault-Interrupting A Looped Load-Interrupting w/SCADA Looped Fault-Interrupting w/SCADA A B Looped Load-Interrupting w/DI B

37. Base Case Effect on Economics of Reliability

38. Thank You