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A Summary Report Of The APEC EWG-ISTWG Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies

A Summary Report Of The APEC EWG-ISTWG Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies. The 25 th New and Renewable Energy Technologies Expert Group Meeting October 31, 2005, Chinese Taipei. Background.

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A Summary Report Of The APEC EWG-ISTWG Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies

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  1. A Summary Report Of The APEC EWG-ISTWG Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies The 25th New and Renewable Energy Technologies Expert Group Meeting October 31, 2005, Chinese Taipei

  2. Background • Energy security issues have been the central concern of APEC Leaders’ and Energy Ministers’ since the year 2000 • Hence, EWG has formulated a comprehensive Energy Security Initiative (ESI) comprising both short-term and long-term responses, of which APEC Energy Ministers have endorsed the following three long-term measures • Capitalizing on technological innovation • Expanding our energy choices • Using energy more efficiently

  3. Background • As energy technologies do underpin social and economic development, the ISTWG also saw the great technical challenges ahead and started a two-year project on future fuels technology, entitled Foresighting Future Fuel Technology, with APEC-funding in 2005 • The IST Ministers have directed the ISTWG to work with the EWG on the project and the Energy Ministers at EMM6 noted the direction from the IST Ministers and have asked the EWG to support the efforts

  4. Progress of EWG-ISTWG Collaboration • The ISTWG project consists of three technology roadmapping workshops in 2005 and Chinese Taipei made a self-funded project, endorsed at EWG 28, to host the second technology roadmapping workshop • EWG had participated, by the Secretariat and Chinese Taipei, in the ISTWG Scenario Planning Workshop held in Thailand, December 13~15, 2004 • Chinese Taipei and APERC also participated in the first technology roadmapping workshop held in Vancouver, Canada April 27~29, 2005

  5. Objective • The overall objective of the project is to assess the medium and long-term scenarios of future fuel technology development and to develop technology roadmaps for the scenarios • Potential benefits for APEC include: • Strengthened long-term energy security • Sustainable development • Reduced risks through partnership and collaboration • Important inputs to long-term energy policy

  6. The second technology roadmapping workshop was held jointly by the EWG and ISTWG in Ping-tung, Chinese Taipei, August 10~12, 2005 • The Workshop drew experts from 9 APEC Economies plus invited speakers from EBN, APERC and EGNRET, with a total of 49 participants

  7. E:\EWG30\APEC EWG-ISTWG.htm

  8. Participants were divided into three sub-groups on Bio-fuels, Unconventional Hydrocarbons and Hydrogen/Fuel Cells to refine the three respective roadmaps developed in the first workshop in Canada • Efforts were particularly made in the Chinese Taipei workshop to focus on synergies between the three fuel types and potential areas for APEC collaboration

  9. Bio-fuels Usage Feedstocks Conversion Fuel • Physical: • Chipping • Compacting • Drying • Solid: • Chips • Pellets • Briquette • Crops/Forestry • Straw, • Wood, Chips • Industry/ • Agriculture • heat • electricity • Crops • Cellulosic • - based • Chemical: • Carbonization • Liquefaction • Gasification • Crops • Starch/sugar • - based • Gas • Biogas • Syn gas • Biological: • Fermentation • Digestion MSW Manure • Liquid • Ethanol • Biodiesel Transportation Waste water Crops: Oilseeds Chemical: Animal Fats

  10. 2030 Bio-fuel Economy Fuel cells, H2 storage H2 Linkages Polygeneration of energy, chemicals and H2 2020 H2 from SynGas H2 - rich Biogas Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ( BIGCC) 2010 Hydrocarbons Limited experiences and further R&D needed SynGas From proof of concept to implementation Diesohol Ethanol from cellulose Need specification and market for co-products Bio-fuel Development Bio-diesel Bio Oil - Pyrolysis CH4 – rich Biogas Technology readily available Direct combustion Ethanol from starch/sugar 2000 Bio-fuel Roadmap with Timeline and Linkages to Other Fuel Types Fossil Fuel-based Economy

  11. Hydrogen (0% C) Synthetics Gas Crude Oil Coal Charcoal (100% C) Unconventional HC • In the Year 2030 • Hydrocarbon Fuels will still have major market shares • Have the capacity to meet demand • Move to Unconventional Hydrocarbon Fuels • Gas-Liquid-Solid Fuel Vision: • Gas Market Share will Increase vs Crude Oil & Coal • Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels Will Remain • Conversion of Coal to Gas and Liquid Fuels (Clean-coal Usage) • Exchange of H2 and C for energy balance • Bio-fuels inclusion in the evolutionary chain • Gaseous fuels infrastructure facilitates theTransition to Hydrogen 5000 BC 2030 AD ?

  12. NG/Liquids Ref. PEMFC/ICE Stationary/Transportation/Portable Coal Gasification CO2 Seq. SOFC/MCFC Stationary Biomass Gasification(on-site) SOFC/MCFC Stationary/Portable Biomass Gasifi.(on-site) (pipeline) Conv. to H2 Fueling Stations Transportation Solar Photo-Electroch. C1/C0 Fuels All Applications Geoth./Wind/Solar Electrolysis H2 Remote Power/Power Firming Thermal-Chemical Dissociation H2 All Applications Hydrogen/Fuel Cells 2010 2020 2030 Coal/Biomass with CO2 Seq. Large-Scale Applications > 10 MW Electricity Electrolysis H2 PEMFC/ICE Transportation

  13. Much research still required for cost competitiveness • Reformation maximizing H2 yield and minimizing footprint for a given feedstock • Reformation suitable for multiple feedstock in small stationary applications • High temp. membrane for PEMFC and lowering operation temp. for SOFC • Major scientific breakthrough for on-board storage of hydrogen • Experimental techniques to probe the inside of fuel cells • Sustained investment from government needed • Hydrogen only as clean as its source and life-cycle environmental impact analyses required for mass deployment

  14. Integration of Future Fuel Supply

  15. Observation • All economies will have an integrated mixed fuel strategy • The mixture will vary regionally and will depend on: • Cost competitiveness of alternatives (primarily) • Government policy (secondarily) • Governments will be energized by public attitudes and special interests in the following areas • Impact of energy price on economy • Perceived or real threats to public health and safety • Security of supply • Distribution infrastructure is costly and will be developed only for major fuels, i.e. secondary fuels will be most cost competitive by adapting to use this infrastructure to the maximum or are employed in a distributed manner

  16. Future Project Actions • Interim roadmaps will be finalized and synergies between them will be emphasized • An integrated, multi-pathway approach will be recommended for adoption to maximize R&D effectiveness • The draft technology roadmaps and report will be examined lastly in the final workshop in Chiangmai, Thailand, November 3~4, 2005

  17. http://www.egeec.apec.org/fuels http://www.apecforesight.org Thank You for Your Attention!

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