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Gold Nanoparticles as a Cancer Treatment

Gold Nanoparticles as a Cancer Treatment. By: Celia Dunn. Background of Cancer Treatments. Egypt 3000B.C. 1761 – First Autopsy 19 th Century- Birth of Oncology In 1915, Scientists at Tokyo University induced cancer in lab animals for the first time

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Gold Nanoparticles as a Cancer Treatment

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  1. Gold Nanoparticles as a Cancer Treatment By: Celia Dunn

  2. Background of Cancer Treatments • Egypt 3000B.C. • 1761 – First Autopsy • 19th Century- Birth of Oncology • In 1915, Scientists at Tokyo University induced cancer in lab animals for the first time • Current Cancer Treatments Include: Surgery, Radiation, Chemotherapy, Hormone Therapy, Immune Therapy, and Targeted Therapy

  3. Statistics • Over 50 Different Types of Cancer • Over 12 Million People Impacted Globally • Almost 2 Million Diagnoses in the U.S. Alone – 35% Death Rate

  4. The Problem • Tumors can get wrapped around other organs and bone which can make them inoperable and require extensive treatments which are extremely harsh on healthy cells.

  5. Two Experiments 1- Swinburne University of Technology 2- Rice University

  6. Swinburne University of Technology • Used Gold Nanoparticles to Amplify Hypothermia in Cells

  7. How it Works 1- Gold Nanoparticles Infect Cancer Cells 2- High Heat FLMS Laser Pulses are Sent into Tumor Site and Hit Gold Nanoparticles 3- Gold Nanoparticles Heat up and Cause Major Damage in Cells - HYPERTHERMIA 4- Cell Death

  8. Rice University • Used Gold Nanoparticlesto Develop“quadrapeutics”

  9. “Quadrapeutics” • 1. LASER PULSE • 2. X-RAYS (3-6 PERCENT OF A TYPICAL RADIATION DOSE) • 3. GOLD NANOPARTICLES • 4. DRUGS

  10. How it works • 1. Low Dose of Chemotherapy Drug – Tags Cancer Cells • 2. Inject Gold Nanoparticles • 3. Low Heat Near-Infrared Laser Pulse • Nano Particles Turn into Nanobubbles • 4. Low Dose of Radiation • RESULTS: Intracellular Explosions • 17 Times More Efficient than Chemoradiation Therapy

  11. SUCESS • SUCCESFULLY REMOVED TUMORS IN MICE

  12. DIFferences • 1- Swinburne University of Technology • Relies on high heat lasers • Does not use Drugs • Kills More Healthy Cells than the Rice University Experiment • 2- Rice University • Uses Low Heat Lasers • Uses Drugs • Kills Less Healthy Cells than the Swinburne University of Technology Experiment

  13. RISKS • Could Kill too Many Healthy Cells • Cause Major Tissue Damage to Organs

  14. Future • MOVE INTO CLINICAL TRIALS • CURE FOR INOPERABLE TUMORS • CURE FOR HARD TO TREAT CANCERS • LUNG, BRAIN, PROSTATE, ETC..

  15. REFERENCES • Facts, Cancer. & Figures 2014 (n.d.): n. pag. American Cancer Society. ACS, 2014. Web. 19 Sept. 2014. • For Written Permission, Address The Legal Department Of, The American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, Nw,, and Ga 30303-1002 Atlanta. "Global Cancer Facts and Figures." Global Cancer (n.d.): n. pag.American Cancer Society. ACS, 2011. Web. 19 Sept. 2014. • Johnson, Dexter. "Cancer Bursting Nanobubbles Prove Effectiveness in Preclinical Trials." - IEEE Spectrum. IEEE Spectrum, June-July 2014. Web. 19 Sept. 2014. • Li, Jing-Liang, and Min Gu. "Gold-Nanoparticle-Enhanced Cancer Photothermal Therapy." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 16.4 (2010): 989-94. Web. • Lukianova-Hleb, Ekaterina, Xiangwei Wu, Xiaoyang Ren, Vladimir Torchilin, and RupaSawant. "Rice-developed Technology Effective Against Aggressive Cancer." Rice University News & Media. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2014. • "The History of Cancer." The History of Cancer. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2014. • Pictures: • http://www.lemmo.com/hyperthermia/hyperthermia-background/ • http://www.ihd-wallpapers.com/world-map-pics-1736/ • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lab_mouse_mg_3216.jpg • http://mobileintensiveprayerunit.blogspot.com/2011_06_01_archive.html

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