1 / 21

The Colonies Become New Nations , 1945–Present

CHAPTER. 34. QUIT. The Colonies Become New Nations , 1945–Present. Chapter Overview. Time Line. The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence. 1. SECTION. Southeast Asian Nations Gain Independence. 2. MAP. SECTION. New Nations in Africa. 3. SECTION. Conflicts in the Middle East. 4.

jessie
Télécharger la présentation

The Colonies Become New Nations , 1945–Present

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CHAPTER 34 QUIT The Colonies Become New Nations, 1945–Present Chapter Overview Time Line The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence 1 SECTION Southeast Asian Nations Gain Independence 2 MAP SECTION New Nations in Africa 3 SECTION Conflicts in the Middle East 4 SECTION GRAPH Visual Summary

  2. CHAPTER 34 Chapter Overview HOME The Colonies Become New Nations, 1945–Present After World War II, imperialist powers rethink the cost of colonies, which are demanding independence. The imperialists differ in the speed with which they relinquish control and in the amount of preparation for independence they provide.

  3. CHAPTER 34 2002 1945 HOME The Colonies Become New Nations, 1945–Present Time Line 1945Sukarno proclaims Indonesian independence. 1954Algerians begin to fight French rule. 1975Angolan civil war begins after Portuguese withdrawal. 1997Mobuto dictatorship in Zaire falls. 1947India gains independence. 1963Kenya wins independence. 1986Popular vote ousts Marcos’s dictatorship in the Philippines.

  4. 1 HOME The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence Key Idea At the end of World War II, South Asians demand independence. Britain partitions the Indian subcontinent into two new nations, India and Pakistan; a part of Pakistan later becomes Bangladesh. Britain also frees Ceylon. Overview Assessment

  5. 1 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence Overview •Congress Party •Muslim League •Muhammad Ali Jinnah •Lord Mountbatten •partition •Jawaharlal Nehru •Indira Gandhi •Rajiv Gandhi •Benazir Bhutto WHY IT MATTERS NOW New nations emerged from the British colony of India. India today is the largest democracy in the world. Assessment

  6. 1 1 Section Assessment 1947 1984 Nehru Rajiv Ghandi 1966 Indira Ghandi HOME The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Write about prominent Indian prime ministers from independence in 1947 through 1989. continued . . .

  7. 1 HOME The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence 1 Section Assessment 2. Do you think that India’s political and economic success is crucial to the future of democracy in Asia? Why? THINK ABOUT •India’s influence in Asia •religious and ethnic differences and conflicts •social implications of economic failure ANSWER Yes, because India is one of the most populous countries and the largest democracy in the world. If India can have a democracy with so many different ethnic and religious groups, other, smaller countries should be able to as well; other Asian countries look to India for guidance. Possible Responses: continued . . .

  8. 1 HOME The Indian Subcontinent Gains Independence 1 Section Assessment 3. What were some of the problems shared by leaders of India and Pakistan? THINK ABOUT •the factions within these countries •their thoughts about independence •how their problems were resolved ANSWER Both countries had large minorities that were in conflict with the majorities. Both struggled to establish democracy. Both faced problems of poverty and economic development. Possible Response: End of Section 1

  9. 2 HOME Southeast Asian Nations Gain Independence MAP Key Idea Some of the Southeast Asian colonies that become independent after World War II prosper, while others suffer under authoritarian regimes. Overview Assessment

  10. 2 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME Southeast Asian Nations Gain Independence MAP Overview •Ferdinand Marcos •Corazón Aquino •Aung San •Aung San Suu Kyi •Sukarno •Suharto WHY IT MATTERS NOW The European colonies in Southeast Asia became independent countries in the postwar period. The power and influence of the Pacific Rim nations are likely to expand during the next century. Assessment

  11. 2 2 Section Assessment Challenges Following Independence Nation Colonizer The Philippines Burma Indonesia HOME Southeast Asian Nations Gain Independence MAP 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Summarize the major challenges the countries below faced following independence. Military bases Bell Act Difficulties with democracy Assassinations Marcos stealing money United States Unstable governments Assassinations Ethnic conflicts Britain Ethnic conflicts Coup Huge gap between rich and poor Netherlands continued . . .

  12. 2 HOME Southeast Asian Nations Gain Independence MAP 2 Section Assessment 2. Why do you think that the United States demanded a 99-year lease on military and naval bases in the Philippines?THINK ABOUT •U.S. economic interests in the Philippines •geographical location •reasons for military presence ANSWER •To protect U.S. economic interests • The location of the Philippines made it an important military outpost. •Bases were a reminder to surrounding countries of U.S. military force. Possible Responses: End of Section 2

  13. 3 HOME New Nations in Africa Key Idea Colonizers differ in their willingness to grant independence to their African colonies and in the amount of help they give their colonies in preparing to become modern nations. Overview Assessment

  14. 3 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME New Nations in Africa Overview •Negritude movement •Kwame Nkrumah •Jomo Kenyatta •Mau Mau •Mobutu Sese Seko •FLN •Ahmed Ben Bella WHY IT MATTERS NOW After World War II, African leaders threw off colonial rule and created independent countries. Today, many of those independent countries are engaged in building political and economic stability. Assessment

  15. 3 Ghana Kenya Zaire Algeria Angola HOME New Nations in Africa 3 Section Assessment 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. For each country shown below, list an idea, an event, or a leader important to that country’s history. Took its name from African kingdom of the past Nairobi became a major business center. Renamed the Congo Ben Bella was prime minister and president. Fought Portuguese for independence continued . . .

  16. 3 HOME New Nations in Africa 3 Section Assessment 2. Why do you think that non-African nations supported certain factions that claimed power in the newly independent nations of Africa? THINK ABOUT •economic interests of the non-African nations •Lumumba’s request for Soviet aid in the Congo •U.S. support of the FNLA •the Cold War ANSWER The factions may have promised non-African nations economic opportunities, such as trading or business privileges, in return for support; the non-African nations may have wanted to preserve economic interests they already had in the region. Possible Responses: continued . . .

  17. 3 HOME New Nations in Africa 3 Section Assessment 3. Why do you think revolution swept so many African nations following their independence from European rule after World War II? THINK ABOUT •how World War II influenced Africans •the conditions preceding independence •economic interests of European powers and newly independent nations ANSWER •There were many different religious and ethnic groups with competing interests. •Europeans, Americans, and Soviets supported different groups. •World War II had given Africans a new confidence. Possible Responses: End of Section 3

  18. 4 HOME Conflicts in the Middle East GRAPH Key Idea The division of Palestine and the creation of the new nation of Israel after World War II result in conflict between Israeli and Palestinian nationalist movements that continues today. Overview Assessment

  19. 4 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME Conflicts in the Middle East GRAPH Overview •Balfour Declaration •Suez Crisis •Six-Day War •Anwar Sadat •Golda Meir •Menachem Begin •Camp David Accords •Hosni Mubarak •PLO WHY IT MATTERS NOW Division of Palestine after World War II made the Middle East a hotbed of competing nationalist movements. The conflict in the Middle East threatens the stability of the region today. Assessment

  20. 4 Suez Crisis Yom Kippur War Sadat peace offer Camp David Accords HOME Conflicts in the Middle East GRAPH 4 Section Assessment 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List some important political and military events that occurred following the Suez Crisis. Six-Day War continued . . .

  21. 4 HOME Conflicts in the Middle East GRAPH 4 Section Assessment 2. Explain the conflict between Jews and Arabs over a Palestinian homeland. What does each side believe? What other factors influence this issue? THINK ABOUT •the Balfour Declaration •the ancient history of the Middle East •the economics of oil ANSWER •Jews believe their right to a Palestinian homeland is a covenant from God. •Palestinian Arabs believe the land has belonged to them since the Jews were driven out in A.D. 135. •Other Arabs believe it has belonged to them since their 7th-century conquest of the region. •Other influences: oil interests; global politics; persecution of Jews in Europe. Possible Responses: End of Section 4

More Related