19 – 4 Vocabulary/Identification

1. 19 – 4 Vocabulary/Identification termination policy urban renewal bracero

2. Chapter 19 – 4 Objectives Explain how white ‘flight’ to the suburbs created an urban crisis. Identify and describe the efforts and strategies minorities used to gain equal rights and fight poverty.

3. Chapter 19 - 4 The Other America

4. Decaying Cities • Causes: • “White flight” – • middle class whites move to suburbs, taking economic resources with them. • Began to isolate themselves from other races. • Suburbanization – • Movement of people and resources to suburbs. • Suburbs began to grow

5. Population Shifts

6. Decaying Cities • Causes: • Poverty • Remaining residents are poorer than the ones that left. • Loss of property and income taxes • Decrease in the quality of public services

7. Income Disparages

8. Decaying Cities • Solutions offered – • Urban Renewal • Tearing down slums and rundown neighborhoods. • Created new cabinet position – HUD.

9. Decaying Cities • Effects of the solutions: • Using HUD, provide aid to improve conditions in the inner cities. • Constructing low-income housing. • Reality: • Poor were moved from one ghetto to another. • Cleared land was used for parking lots and shopping centers, not housing.

10. Discrimination of Mexican Americans • Solutions offered: • Beginning in 1942, along with a shortage of farm workers, federal program to hire Mexican braceros (hired hands) by allowing them to enter the U.S. on a short term basis.

11. Discrimination of Mexican Americans • Longoria Incident: • Felix Longoria was a Mexican – American who was WW II hero who was killed in the Philippines. • A local undertaker in his hometown refused to provide Longoria’s family with funeral services.

12. Discrimination of Mexican Americans • Aftermath: • Mexican – Americans stepped up efforts to end discrimination. • Mexican – American veterans organized the G.I. Forum (1948) • Mexican – Americans began registering to vote and promoting candidates who would represent their interests.

13. Economic Hardship for Native Americans Federal policy towards Native Americans was one of “Americanization” and assimilation. The Snyder Act (1924) – granted Native Americans citizenship, but remained second class citizens. Indian Reorganization Act (1934) – moved policy from Americanization and toward Native American autonomy.

14. Economic Hardship for Native Americans • Causes: • Termination policy adopted by federal government • Policy eliminated federal economic support, discontinued the reservation system, and distributed tribal lands among individual Native Americans. • Solutions: • Bureau of Indian Affairs began a voluntary relocation program to help Native Americans find a place to live, work by paying for moving and living expenses.

15. Economic Hardship for Native Americans Effects: Only 35,000 Native Americans relocate in the program Many were unable to find jobs. The number of Native Americans on state welfare rolls soared.

16. Assignment Page 663 – # 3, 5