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How to answer the Credit ‘ Make and justify conclusions’ question.

Learn how to effectively answer the 'Make and Justify Conclusions' question in a credit exam. Understand the criteria, structure your response, and provide detailed conclusions.

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How to answer the Credit ‘ Make and justify conclusions’ question.

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  1. How to answerthe Credit‘Make and justify conclusions’question.

  2. This Credit question is worth 8 marks. You will have to work hard to get these marks. There will usually be 4 conclusions you have to work on worth 2 marks each giving 8 marks overall.

  3. What is a conclusion? A conclusion is a decision you come to about a topic after studying information about that topic. To make a conclusion about Mr Smith’s golf you would have to look at his handicap, scorecards and see if he has won any competitions. Then you could decide if he was good or bad at golf and give reasons why you decided this. This would be your conclusion.

  4. Answer in detail. • Each conclusion will be worth 2 marks. • You must give at least 2 different reasons with written information, statistics, information from a table, graph, map. • This is ‘in detail’. • Write each as a separate paragraph so the marker can easily mark what you have done. •  4 x 2 = 8 marks

  5. You must …. Decide what the topic is. Study the 4 headings and work on them one at a time. You must study the information, statistics and graphs very carefully and decide what they are showing, if they are changing and what the trend is. [A trend is how something changes over a period of time.] Write your conclusions using the information from the sources.

  6. Do the Statistics and Graphs? - Stay about the same or change? If they change … What do they do? What is the trend? - Change a little or change a lot? - Go up or go down? - Get better or get worse?

  7. Write out your answer in the following way. You will be asked to make conclusions on four bulleted points. Just look at each one in turn, ignore the other ones. This means that you are really doing four 2 mark questions. That is much easier than thinking of it as an 8 mark question.

  8. Look at the question but do not start it yet.[You should print out a copy of the question to use with your highlighters.]

  9. Using only the information in the source you must make and justify conclusions about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when compared to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for different groups in the UK, using the four headings below. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. *Women *People under 40 *People without further or higher education qualifications *Manual workers [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks]

  10. The Topic The UK Population, Westminster and Scottish Parliament.

  11. The Method Give the % of the group in the UK population and in Westminster. Give figures for the Scottish Parliament in 1999 and 2003. Make a conclusion on the success of the Scottish Parliament in achieving and improving representation. OR

  12. In this question the 4 conclusions are on • Women • People under 40 • People without Further or Higher Educationqualifications • Manual workers So ‘Women’ first. Look at the UK figures. Look at the Westminster figures. Look at the Scottish parliament figures. Has the Scottish Parliament given them better representation than Westminster?

  13. Now get your highlighters out and use them on the question you printed.

  14. Using only the information in the source you must make and justify conclusions about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when compared to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for different groups in the UK, using the four headings below. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. *Women *People under 40 *People without further or higher education qualifications *Manual workers [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Scottish Parliament and women UK – 51.0 Westminster – 18.0 SP not as good as UK – 37.0 but better than Westminster and became better - 39.5. UK Westminster Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks]

  15. The conclusion on ‘Women’. The UK population is 51% female with Westminster being 18%. The Scottish Parliament in 1999 had 37% women which was better than Westminster and improved to 39.5% in 2003. My conclusion is that the Scottish Parliament has done a better job in achieving and improving the representation of women than Westminster.

  16. So ‘People under 40’ next. Look at the UK figures. Look at the Westminster figures. Look at the Scottish Parliament figures. Has the Scottish Parliament given them better representation than Westminster? The pattern is the same for each conclusion in this question.

  17. Using only the information in the source you must make and justify conclusions about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when compared to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for different groups in the UK, using the four headings below. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. *Women *People under 40 *People without further or higher education qualifications *Manual workers [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Westminster UK Scottish Parliament and people under 40 [total] UK -53.2 Westminster – 14.8 not as good as UK – 31.9 but better than Westminster then became worse, 19.6, but still better than Westminster. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks]

  18. The conclusion on ‘People under 40’. The UK population is 53.2% people under 40 with Westminster being 14.8%. The Scottish Parliament in 1999 had 31.9% but fell to 19.6% in 2003 which was still better than Westminster in both years. My conclusion is that the Scottish Parliament has done a better job in achieving and improving the representation of ‘people under 40’ than Westminster even thought they fell in 2003.

  19. Now you use the next 2 slides to write your answers for ‘ People without further of higher education’ and ‘Manual Workers’.

  20. Using only the information in the source you must make and justify conclusions about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when compared to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for different groups in the UK, using the four headings below. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. *Women *People under 40 *People without further or higher education qualifications *Manual workers [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Westminster UK Scottish Parliament and people without FE or HE. UK – 79.4 Westminster – 8.7 SP at 8.1 not as good as UK and worse than Westminster became better, 8.6, but still worse than Westminster. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks]

  21. Using only the information in the source you must make and justify conclusions about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when compared to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for different groups in the UK, using the four headings below. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. *Women *People under 40 *People without further or higher education qualifications *Manual workers [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Scottish Parliament and manual workers. UK – 52.3 Westminster – 20.4 SP at 10.9 not as good as UK and worse than Westminster and became even lower than Westminster – 7.7. Westminster UK Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. Study the sourcebelow then answer the question which follows. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. UK Population 2001 Westminster Parliament MPs 2001 Scottish Parliament MSPs 1999 Scottish Parliament MSPs 2003 Age profile [% group 20 - 59] 20 - 29 23.7% 0.7% 4.2% 1.0% 30 - 39 29.5% 14.1% 27.7% 18.6% 40 - 49 24.4% 41.6% 40.3% 41.6% 50 - 59 22.4% 43.6% 27.8% 38.8% Educational Background School only 79.4% 8.7% 8.1% 8.6% FE College 7.2% 16.5% 18.5% 15.5% University 13.4% 74.8% 73.4% 75.9% Occupational Background Manual Workers etc 52.3% 20.4% 10.9% 7.7% Financial and business 19.0% 23.4% 20.3% 22.9% Public Administration etc. 5.4% 36.6% 27.4% 22.5% Education, Social work etc. 18.3% 17.6% 28.1% 33.6% Other 5.0% 2.0% 13.3% 13.3% Gender and Ethnic Background Male 49.0% 82.0% 63.0% 60.5% Female 51.0% 18.0% 37.0% 39.5% Ethnic Minority Background 5.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% The % of different groups in the UK Population, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament over various years. Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks] Using only the information in the source above what conclusions can be reached about the success of the Scottish Parliament, when comparing it to the Westminster Parliament in achieving and improving fairer representation for all groups in the UK? You must reach and justify conclusions about four of the following headings. For each conclusion you must refer to the UK, Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament. * Women * People under 40 * People without further or higher education qualifications * Manual workers * Ethnic minorities [Enquiry Skills, 8 marks]

  22. How many Marks? Women - 2 marks People under 40 - 2 marks People without further or higher education qualifications - 2 marks Manual workers - 2 marks 8 out of 8, WELL DONE.

  23. Was your conclusion on ‘People without further or higher education’ like this? The UK population is 79.4% people without further or higher education with Westminster being 8.7%. The Scottish Parliament in 1999 only had 8.1% which rose to 8.6% in 2003 but was still worse than Westminster in both years . My conclusion is that the Scottish Parliament has done a poorer job in achieving and improving the representation of ‘People without Further or Higher Education’ than Westminster.

  24. Was your conclusion on ‘Manual Workers’ like this? The UK population is 53.2% manual workers with Westminster being 20.4%. The Scottish Parliament in 1999 only had 10.9% which fell to 7.7% in 2003 so was worse than Westminster in both years . My conclusion is that the Scottish Parliament has done a poorer job in achieving and improving the representation of ‘Manual Workers’.

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