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Facial Characteristics Jim Matiya. Psychology in Action 9 th Edition Karen Huffman. Cultural Similarities. Where do emotions come from? Do they differ from culture to culture?
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Facial CharacteristicsJim Matiya Psychology in Action 9th Edition Karen Huffman
Cultural Similarities • Where do emotions come from? • Do they differ from culture to culture? • Emotions are defined as a subjective feeling that includes arousal (heart pounding), cognitions (thoughts and expectations), and expressive behaviors (smiles and frowns).
Three Ways to Measure Emotion • Body/Physical • blood pressure • heart rate • adrenaline levels • muscle activity when smiling, frowning, etc. • neural images • posture • tears, • perspiration • lie detector readings
Three Ways to Measure Emotion • Thoughts (observed indirectly through) • spoken and written words on rating scales • answers to open-ended questions on surveys and during interviews • responses to projective instruments, sentence stems, etc. • self-assessments or perceptions regarding the behavior and intentions of others • other cognitive operations such as rational/logical thinking
Behavior facial expressions activity level alertness screaming laughing smiling aggression approach/avoidance attention/distraction insomnia Three Ways to Measure Emotion
Cultural Similarities • People from very different cultures can reliably identify at least six basic emotions: happiness, surprise, anger, sadness,fear, and disgust.
Facial Expressions • Anger • Brows are lowered and vertical wrinkles are between the brows • Eyelids are tense showing a hard look • Lips are in a square shape • Fear • Brows are raised and vertical wrinkles are between the brows • Eyes are wide-open • Mouth is open and tense, corners of mouth are drawn back • Happiness • Brows are relaxed, • Cheeks raised • Corners of the mouth are drawn back and up slightly
Facial Expressions • Disgust • Eyebrows are lowered • Nose is wrinkled • Lower lip is raised and up against the raised upper lip • Sadness • The inner corners of the eyebrows are raised producing wavy horizontal wrinkles on the forehead. • The inner corners of the upper eyelids are raised, producing an inverted-V wrinkle in the upper eyelid • The corners of the lips are turned down and/or the lips may be trembling. • Surprise • The eyes are opened wide • With the upper eyelid raised • The jaw drops but the lips are relaxed
Practice • Now that the students have some information about facial expressions, let them see if they can display the six basic emotions. • Have the students practice holding their faces according to the previous slides. • When they feel competent have them submit pictures that display the basic emotions.
Facial CharacteristicsJim Matiya The End