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Go Meat!. Proteins A . There are several thousand types of proteins, each with a different function 1. Muscles and bone 2. Skin and hair 3. Enzymes and hormones 4. Antibodies 5. Cell transport . B. Structure 1. Contain carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen
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Proteins A. There are several thousand types of proteins, each with a different function 1. Muscles and bone 2. Skin and hair 3. Enzymes and hormones 4. Antibodies 5. Cell transport
B. Structure 1. Contain carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen 2. Monomer = amino acids or peptides 3. Polymer = protein or polypeptides 4. 20 different amino acids 5. All amino acids have 5 main parts a. amino group = NH2 b. carboxyl group = COOH c. a central carbon d. a hydrogen e. a side group = R
Peptide Bonds …Covalent Bonds Between Amino Acids Protein
How can we combine these? Dehydration Synthesis
6. The instructions for arranging amino acids into many different proteins are stored in DNA. 7. Mistakes in just one amino acid in a polypeptide chain or protein can have fatal consequences
8. Proteins can have up to four levels of organization: Amino acids have a specific protein chain. The amino acids within a chain can be twisted or folded. The chain may have many twists and folds. 4. If a protein has more than one chain, each chain has a specific arrangement in space.
Chemical Reactions A + B C Reactants Product Reactant Product
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND ENZYMES • I.Enzymes • A.Act as catalysts • 1.speed up chemical reactions by reducing the energy requirements • 2.reusable • 3.are temperature and pH dependent
B. Are classified as a type of proteins. • C. Reaction specific • 1.ex: only the enzyme maltase will break down the disaccharide maltose into two monosaccharides • D. Contains two parts – Lock and Key Model • 1.substrate – the molecule that is broken apart or put together = THE KEY! • 2.Active site – area where the substrate binds to the enzyme and the reaction takes place = THE LOCK!
