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Daily Science pg. 112

Daily Science pg. 112. What is the molarity of a 11.3 g solution of HCl that has a volume of 250 mL ? How many grams of NaOH would you need to make a 2.5 M solution in 500 mL ? How much of a 6 M stock solution of HCl would you need to make a 1000 mL 2.5 M soltuion ?. Acids and Bases.

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Daily Science pg. 112

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  1. Daily Sciencepg. 112 What is the molarity of a 11.3 g solution of HCl that has a volume of 250 mL? How many grams of NaOH would you need to make a 2.5 M solution in 500 mL? How much of a 6 M stock solution of HCl would you need to make a 1000 mL 2.5 M soltuion?

  2. Acids and Bases Pg. 111

  3. Properties of acids and bases Acidic solutions taste sour Blue litmus paper turns pink when dipped in an acidic solution Basic solutions taste bitter and feel slippery Red litmus paper turns blue when dipped in a basic solution

  4. What makes a solution an acid or a base? All solutions in water contain H ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) An acidic solution contains more hydrogen ions A basic solution contains more hydroxide ions Neutral solutions contain equal amounts Also use hydronium ions to represent acids (H3O+)

  5. Bronsted- Lowry model Says an acid is a hydrogen-ion donor and a base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor HX (aq) + H2O (l) H3O+ (aq) + X- (aq) An acid reacting with a base produces a conjugate acid and a conjugate base Conjugate acid is the species that accepts a H+ from an acid Conjugate base is the species that results when an acid gives up a H+. Conjugate acid conjugatebase acid base

  6. Examples identifying acids and bases NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) HBr (aq) + H2O H3O+ (aq) + Br –(aq)

  7. Types of acids and bases Water and a few other substances can act as both an acid and a base  called amphoteric Acids that completely ionize are strong acids Acids that ionize partially are weak acids Strong bases dissociate into metal ions and hydroxide

  8. Measuring acids and bases Use the pH scale 0-7 = acidic 7-14 = basic 7 is neutral

  9. Neutralization Acid and a base react to form water and a salt Ex. Mg(OH)2 + 2 HCl MgCl2 +2 H2O Use titration to determine the concentration at which the solution is neutral

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