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Kedudukan anatomi tumbuhan

Kedudukan anatomi tumbuhan. Sitologi tumbuhan : ilmu yang mempelajari bentuk, susunan, sifat fisik dan kimia sel tumbuhan serta perkembangan dinding selnya

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Kedudukan anatomi tumbuhan

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  1. Kedudukan anatomi tumbuhan

  2. Sitologi tumbuhan : ilmu yang mempelajari bentuk, susunan, sifat fisik dan kimia sel tumbuhan serta perkembangan dinding selnya • Histologi : ilmu yang mempelajari sekelompok atau sekumpulan sel yang membentuk suatu jaringan, dimana sekelompok sel tersebut memiliki ciri yang serupa, baik bentuk, sifat, maupun fungsinya sam • Organologi :ilmu yang mempelajari alat-alat pada tubuh tumbuhan yang tampak dari luar, yaitu akar, batang, daun, bunga, buah, biji

  3. Konsep sel tumbuhan

  4. CELL

  5. Berdasarkan ada tidaknya selubung/membran inti, serta membran yang mengikat berbagai macam organela, sel dibedakan menjadi 2 : • Prokariota sel yang tidak mempunyai membran inti/ membran yang mengikat organela-organela, DNA terkonsentrasi pada daerah yang disebut nukleooid contoh : bakteri dan cyanobakteri • Eukariota sel yang mempunyai struktur yang komplek, inti dan organel lainnya terbungkus oleh membran inti dan terdapat pada suatu larutan semi cair disebut sitosol contoh : tumbuhan, hewan

  6. Perbedaan utama sel hewan dan sel tumbuhan : • Pada tumbuhan memiliki membran plasma dengan dinding sel yang kuat pada hewan hanya mempunyai membran plasma saja • Pada tumbuhan dijumpai plastida pada hewan tidak ada • Pada sel tumbuhan beberapa vakuola yang kecil-kecil dapat bersatu menjadi vakuola yang besar pada sel hewan vakuola tetap kecil

  7. PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL

  8. EARLY MICROSCOPES • Zacharias Janssen - made 1st compound microscope • a Dutch maker of reading glasses (late 1500’s)

  9. Leeuwenhoek • made a simple microscope (mid 1600’s) • magnified 270X • Early microscope lenses made images larger but the image was not clear

  10. Leeuwenhoek's microscope A) a screw for adjusting the height of the object being examined B) a metal plate serving as the body C) a skewer to impale the object and rotate it D) the lens itself, which was spherical

  11. MODERN MICROSCOPES • A microscope is simple or compound depending on how many lenses it contains • A lens makes an enlarged image & directs light towards you eye

  12. A simple microscope has one lens • Similar to a magnifying glass • Magnificationis the change in apparent size produced by a microscope

  13. COMPOUND MICROSCOPE • A compound microscope has multiple lenses • (eyepiece & objective lenses)

  14. STEREOMICROSCOPE • creates a 3D image

  15. TOTAL MAGNIFICATION • Powers of theeyepiece (10X) multiplied by objective lenses determine total magnification.

  16. ELECTRON MICROSCOPES • More powerful; some can magnify up to 1,000,000X • Use a magnetic field in a vacuum to bend beams of electrons • Images must be photographed or produced electronically

  17. ScanningElectron Microscope (SEM) Electron microscope image of a spider Electron microscope image of a fly foot • produces realistic 3D image • only the surface of specimen can be observed

  18. TransmissionElectron Microscope (TEM) • produces 2D image of thinly sliced specimen • detailed cell parts (only inside a cell) can be observed

  19. CELL THEORY • A theory resulting from many scientists’ observations & conclusions

  20. CELL THEORY1. The basic unit of life is thecell. (Hooke) • In 1665, an English scientist named Robert Hooke made an improved microscope and viewed thin slices of cork viewing plant cell walls • Hooke named what he saw "cells"

  21. CELL THEORY2. All living things are made of1 or more cells. • Matthias Schleiden(botanist studying plants) • Theodore Schwann(zoologist studying animals) stated that all living things were made of cells Schwann Schleiden

  22. CELL THEORY3. All cells divide & come from oldcells. (Virchow) Virchow

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