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Mirrors on Ourselves

Mirrors on Ourselves. Elaine Rich. A Parable from the Book Lieh Tzu. Book V of the Book of Lieh-Tz ü A book of Taoist teachings from the 3 rd century B.C. Ganesha. The birth of Ganesha. Durga. The birth of Durga. Rabbi Loew and the Golem. The Golem legend from 16 th century Prague.

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Mirrors on Ourselves

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  1. Mirrors on Ourselves Elaine Rich

  2. A Parable from the Book Lieh Tzu Book V of the Book of Lieh-Tzü A book of Taoist teachings from the 3rd century B.C.

  3. Ganesha The birth of Ganesha

  4. Durga The birth of Durga

  5. Rabbi Loew and the Golem The Golem legend from 16th century Prague

  6. The Golem in Prague Today A children’s book

  7. The Golem in Prague Today A t-shirt

  8. The Golem in Prague Today

  9. Rabbi Loew’s Tomb in Prague

  10. Pygmalion and Galatea Recounted by Ovid in about 5 CE Jean-Michel Moreau le Jeune(Les Métamorphoses d'Ovide, Paris 1806).

  11. Homunculi Paul Struck, Triptychon der klassischen Walpurgisnacht, Faust IIv. J.W.Goethe, 1975/76, linker Außenflügel

  12. The Nightingale Written in 1844 by Hans Christian Anderson

  13. Drowne’s Wooden Image A story by Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804 – 1864) Lady with Scarf. Carved in 1820 by Isaac Fowle, this figurehead is thought to have been used in Fowle's shop as a sample for further orders. This figurehead may have inspired Nathaniel Hawthorne's story "Drowne's Wooden Image."

  14. Ambrose Bierce 1842 – 1914?

  15. The Devil’s Dictionary • Bore • A person who talks when you wish him to listen. • Cannon • An instrument employed in the rectification of national boundaries. • Cat • A soft indestructible automaton provided by Nature to be kicked when things go wrong in the domestic circle.

  16. Vaucanson’s Duck 1739 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6Clt1Xxw6Q

  17. Vaucanson’s Automata

  18. Edison’s Talking Doll 1888

  19. The Turk

  20. The Turk • Built by Wolfgang von Kempelen (1734 – 1804).

  21. The Turk • Constructed and unveiled in 1770 to impress the Austro-Hungarian Empress Marie-Theresa. • Toured Europe and America for 85 years. • Destroyed by fire in 1852. • The secret unveiled in 1857.

  22. The Turk Still fascinates people.

  23. The Turk • How it worked: • Exploited: • Levers • Magnets • A candle

  24. A Modern Reconstruction Built by John Gaughan. First displayed in 1989. Controlled by a computer. Uses the Turk’s original chess board.

  25. Chess Today In 1997, Deep Blue beat Garry Kasparov.

  26. Does This Mean It’s Curtains for Humans? How much do you need to know to play chess?

  27. The Origins of AI Hype 1957 Allen Newell and Herb Simon predicted that: "Within ten years a computer will be the world's chess champion, unless the rules bar it from competition."

  28. How Much Computation Does it Take? • Middle game branching factor: about 35. • Typical game may be about 80 ply (one move for each player) • 3580 310123 • Number of seconds since Big Bang:  31017

  29. How Much Computation Does it Take? • Middle game branching factor: about 35. • Lookahead required to play master level chess: about 8. • 358 21012. • Number of seconds since Big Bang:  31017

  30. REEM-A http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=1212

  31. Rossum’s Universal Robots A play by Karel Čapek, 1920

  32. The Three Laws of Robotics 1942

  33. The Three Laws of Robotics • A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. • A robot must obey orders given to it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. • A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

  34. With Folded Hands 1947 http://ia300118.us.archive.org/2/items/Dimension-X/Dimx_e002_WithFoldedHands.MP3

  35. 1951

  36. 1956

  37. 1986

  38. 2004

  39. How Much Computer Power Might It Take? http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/book97/ch3/index.html

  40. How Much Compute Power is There? From Hans Moravec, Robot Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind 1998.

  41. What is Artificial Intelligence? A.I. is the study of how to make computers do things that people are better at or would be better at if they could extend what they do to a world wide web-sized amount of data and not make mistakes.

  42. How Will We Recognize AI? 1950 Alan Turing’s paper, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, described what is now called “The Turing Test”. http://www.abelard.org/turpap/turpap.htm

  43. Turing’s Test Q: Please write me a sonnet on the subject of the Forth Bridge. A: Count me out on this one. I never could write poetry. Q: Add 34957 to 70764 A: (Pause about 30 seconds and then give as answer) 105621. Q: Do you play chess? A: Yes. Q: I have K at my K1, and no other pieces. You have only K at K6 and R at R1. It is your move. What do you play? A: (After a pause of 15 seconds) R-R8 mate.

  44. Turing’s Test Interrogator: In the first line of your sonnet which reads 'Shall I compare thee to a summer's day', would not 'a spring day' do as well or better? Witness: It wouldn't scan. Interrogator: How about 'a winter's day' That would scan all right. Witness: Yes, but nobody wants to be compared to a winter's day. Interrogator: Would you say Mr. Pickwick reminded you of Christmas? Witness: In a way. Interrogator: Yet Christmas is a winter's day, and I do not think Mr. Pickwick would mind the comparison. Witness: I don't think you're serious. By a winter's day one means a typical winter's day, rather than a special one like Christmas.

  45. The Origins of AI Hype – Another One 1950 Turing predicted that in about fifty years: "an average interrogator will not have more than a 70 percent chance of making the right identification after five minutes of questioning".

  46. Was Turing Right? A conversation with Jabberwacky, 2003 Jabberwacky: Have you been to the Moon?User: No. Few have. Have you?Jabberwacky: Many a time my dear chap!User: What was the most interesting thing you saw?Jabberwacky: Fred.User: Why did you find him interesting?Jabberwacky: It just came into my head.User: What sorts of things do you generally find interesting?Jabberwacky: Nothing but smelly socks.

  47. Another One A Conversation with Alice, 2004 >What's the best place to eat Chinese food? ALICE:My favorite places are California and Maine. Holland is cool too. >What do you like about Maine? ALICE:The special effects are the best. http://www.alicebot.org/

  48. Alice, Again >Who invented paper towels? ALICE:The Chinese, long before Europeans. >Who invented pet rocks? ALICE:The Wright Brothers. >Who invented Barbie dolls? ALICE:Thomas Edison.

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