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SOUTHEAST ASIA

SOUTHEAST ASIA. Khmer, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thai. S.E. Asia. Includes Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia & Philippines. S.E. Asia (cont’d). Heavily influenced by India: Sanskrit, Hinduism & Buddhism, architecture, laws & political ideas.

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SOUTHEAST ASIA

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  1. SOUTHEAST ASIA Khmer, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thai

  2. S.E. Asia • Includes Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia & Philippines

  3. S.E. Asia (cont’d) • Heavily influenced by India: Sanskrit, Hinduism & Buddhism, architecture, laws & political ideas

  4. The Khmer, 802-1431 A.D. • In Cambodia, conquered much of Laos, Thailand & Vietnam • Hindu-Buddhist empire • Capital at Angkor

  5. The Khmer (cont’d) • Hydraulic engineering allowed irrigation & to harvest rice 3x’s per year • Used wealth from crops for construction projects: hundreds of temples, roads, reservoirs, irrigation canals, harbors & hospitals • Rulers known for splendor of court -- presented selves as incarnations of Hindu Gods to enhance their power

  6. King Suryavarman &Angkor Wat • 1100’s height of power • King Suryavarman built Angkor Wat temple to glorify Hindu God Vishnu and himself • Temple nearly 1 square mile big

  7. Fall of The Khmer • Cost of building Angkor Wat weakened the kingdom • Rebellions against the Khmer & infighting within royal family crippled the empire • In 1431 A.D., the Thai captured the capital & ended Khmer rule

  8. Vietnam • Dominated by China for more than 1000 yrs • Absorbed Confucianism, Daoism & Buddhism from Chinese • Govt similar to China, including civil service exams based upon Confusianism

  9. Vietnam (cont’d) • Believed in “animism” = that spirits inhabit living & nonliving things • Building “dinhs” = spirit houses in each village, a home for the guardian spirit of the village • Continuously fought China for independence

  10. Vietnam (cont’d) • The Trung Sisters rode atop elephants & led a successful revolt against China in 39A.D., & gained independence for 2 yrs • When later defeated by Chinese, sisters drown selves

  11. Vietnam (cont’d) • 938 A.D., Ngo Quyen lead Vietnamese to defeat Chinese warships in the Battle of the Bach Dang River -- China countered & invaded Vietnam • Vietnamese date their independence from defeat of warships

  12. Vietnam (cont’d) • To keep peace with China and so as not to be invaded, Vietnam agreed to send tribute (gifts) to the Chinese emperor

  13. Myanmara/k/a Burma • First settled by 2 groups of people: the Mons (south) & the Tibeto-Burmans (along Irrawaddy River in the north) • Both were Buddhist & adopted Indian culture

  14. Myanmara/k/a Burma • 500 B.C., the Tibeto-Burmans dominated & pushed the Mons southward • Tibeto-Burmans set up capital called Pagan, center for Buddhist learning & culture with temples & monasteries • 1200’s, Mongols under Kublai Khan captured Pagan; many Burmans moved south but remained ununited

  15. The Thai • The Thai were originally from China • 1238 A.D., established Thai kingdom at Sukhothai; kingdom only lasted 100 yrs. • King Ramkhamhaeng ruled during golden age

  16. Thai King Ramkhamhaeng • Thai developed alphabet & writing system based upon Khmer • Followed Buddhism & built beautiful temples

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